Spatial variation in breeding phenology at small spatial scales: A stochastic effect of population size
Spatial variation in breeding phenology at small spatial scales: A stochastic effect of population size
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小空间尺度上育种物候的空间变化：种群规模的随机效应
DOI：
10.1002/1438-390x.12049
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Takahashi K & Sato T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahiro Suto;Yuta Yanagita;Yoshiyuki Nagashima;Shinsaku Takikawa;Takaaki Sato;Noritaka Chida;Takahashi K & Sato T
物候的空间变异可以发生在小的空间尺度上，个体可以在一代内分散或觅食。以往的研究认为，物候高峰的变化是由非生物环境特征的差异引起的。然而，在小的空间尺度上，当地生境的环境一般应该是相似的。当当地种群规模较小时，当地种群的物候高峰应受到个体表达的时间变化的强烈影响。如果区域人口由小型局部亚群组成（例如，集合种群），由种群大小调节的随机过程可以解释物候的空间变异。本文对小范围（<10 km ~ 2）的树蛙繁殖物候的空间和年际变化进行了定量分析。25个繁殖点的物候高峰在6年内的空间变异较大。这种空间变化不能用气温或水深的差异来解释。随机化检验显示，很大一部分空间变异可以通过人群大小的差异来解释，而不考虑研究中心特异性因素。在物候高峰的年度变化往往是更大的较小的人口。这些结果表明，随机过程可能导致了R的物候高峰的空间和年度变化。在研究区域观察到的树木。了解由随机过程决定的物候时空变化对于更好地预测小空间尺度上种间相互作用和（Meta）种群动态具有重要意义。
Spatial variation in phenology can occur at small spatial scales over which individuals can disperse or forage within one generation. Previous studies have assumed that variations in phenological peaks are caused by differences in abiotic environmental characteristics. However, environments should generally be similar among local habitats over small spatial scales. When the local population size is small, the phenological peak of the local population should be strongly affected by the variation in timing expressed by individuals. If a regional population consists of small local subpopulations (e.g., a metapopulation), the stochastic processes regulated by population sizes may explain the spatial variation in phenology. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the extent of the spatial and annual variations in the breeding phenology of the forest green tree frog,Rhacophorus arboreushabiting a small area (<10 km2). The spatial variation in phenological peaks among 25 breeding sites was large over 6 years. This spatial variation was not explained by differences in air temperature or water depth. Randomization tests revealed that a large portion of the spatial variation could be explained by differences in population size, without considering site‐specific factors. Annual variations in phenological peaks tended to be greater for smaller populations. These results imply that the stochastic process might have caused the spatial and annual variations in the phenological peaks ofR. arboreusobserved in the study region. Understanding spatiotemporal variation in phenology determined by stochastic process would be important to better predict interspecific interactions and (meta)population dynamics at small spatial scales.