A description of the needs of noninstitutionalized cancer patients and their primary care givers
A description of the needs of noninstitutionalized cancer patients and their primary care givers
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非机构化癌症患者及其初级保健提供者需求的描述
作者：
A. Wingate;N. Lackey
这项描述性研究的目的有两个：确定由患者、初级保健提供者和护士定义的非住院癌症患者的需求，以及根据相同的三组受试者定义的初级保健提供者的需求。每个受试者都完成了两种形式的对象内容测试，这是一份开放式问卷，要求受试者列出患者和护理人员的需求。对两组数据进行内容分析，以制定需求响应的类别；每组带有类别标签和定义的数据均由连续两组护士专家提交进行 q 排序，以确定类别中需求项目响应的有效性。调查结果显示，患者的需求分为六类，护理人员的需求分为七类。对于两组数据，最多的需求都属于心理需求类别。对于患者来说，身体需求和信息需求是第二大类别；对于护理人员来说，家庭管理需求（包括患者护理）和信息需求分别位居第二和第三。注意到三组受试者所产生的感知需求之间存在一些差异。需要利用定量方法进行进一步研究，以确定所建议的趋势（例如护士受试者强调护理人员的信息需求以及患者很少列出自己的信息需求）是否有效。
The purpose of this descriptive study was twofold: to identify the needs of the noninstitutionalized patient with cancer as defined by patients, primary care givers, and nurses, and to identify the needs of the primary care giver as defined by the same three groups of subjects. Each subject completed two forms of the Objects Content Test, an open-ended questionnaire on which subjects were asked to list the needs of patients and care givers. Content analysis was applied to the two sets of data to formulate categories of need responses; each set of data with category labels and definitions was submitted for q-sort by two successive groups of nurse experts to establish the validity of need item responses in categories. Findings revealed that patient needs were represented by six categories and caregivers' needs by seven categories. For both sets of data, the largest number of needs were in the psychological needs category. For patients, physical needs and information needs were the next largest categories; for care givers, the categories of household management needs (which encompassed patient care) and information needs were the second and third largest. Some disparity between perceived needs as generated by the three groups of subjects was noted. Further research utilizing quantitative methods is needed to determine whether suggested trends (such as nurse subjects' emphasis on informational needs for care givers and patients' infrequent listing of informational needs for themselves) have validity.