Differential pattern in labour use on male vs female managed farms and its economic consequences: a case study from Manipur, India
Differential pattern in labour use on male vs female managed farms and its economic consequences: a case study from Manipur, India
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男性与女性管理农场劳动力使用的差异模式及其经济后果：印度曼尼普尔邦的案例研究
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发表时间：
2019
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. K. Das
中科院分区：
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作者：
Laxmi Thingbaijam;A. Ghosh;K. K. Das
男性在农业和农场管理方面的主导地位在世界范围内逐渐丧失，尤其是在第三世界国家。在印度，大约四分之一的农场家庭由女性管理。本文利用对分布在印度曼尼普尔邦两个山谷地区的120户家庭的调查数据，研究了农业中的性别层面。我们的研究结果表明，在劳动力使用方面，性别仍然存在作物特异性、操作特异性和来源特异性。雌性在非传统作物（如番茄、芥菜和豌豆）中占主导地位。女性管理的家庭也雇佣了更多的女性。播种、收割和除草等重要作业大多由女性劳动者和女性雇主完成。通过在种植系统中种植越来越多的非谷物作物来提高种植强度，有利于更多的女性劳动力的参与，这可能有助于作物多样化和提高农业收入。农业机械化对妇女就业有积极影响。
Male domination in farming and farm management is slowly losing its hold world-wide, especially in the third world countries. In India, about one-fourth of the total farm households are managed by females. This paper examines the gender dimensions in agriculture utilizing data from a survey of 120 households distributed over two valley districts in Indian state of Manipur. Our findings indicate that there remains crop-specificity, operation-specificity and source-specificity in labour use by gender. Females are found to be dominant in non-traditional crops (e.g., tomato, mustard and peas). The female-managed households also hire more of females. Important operations like sowing, harvesting and weeding are mostly performed by female labourers and female-employers. Increased cropping intensity by bringing more and more non-cereal crops in the cropping system favours engagement of more female labourers which may be helpful both in crop diversification and in enhancing farm income. Farm mechanisation has a positive influence on female employment.