Transcription factors lhx1/5-1 and pitx are required for the maintenance and regeneration of serotonergic neurons in planarians
Transcription factors lhx1/5-1 and pitx are required for the maintenance and regeneration of serotonergic neurons in planarians
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.098590
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Pearson, Bret J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Currie, Ko W.;Pearson, Bret J.
与大多数成年生物不同，淡水真涡虫可以再生任何受伤的身体部位，包括整个神经系统。这允许分析特定神经亚型的维持和再生所需的基因。此外，特定神经亚型的丧失可能揭示该神经群体在成年动物背景下的先前未知的行为作用。在这里，我们表明，两个同源结构域转录因子同源物，Smed-lhx 1/5-1和Smed-pitx，所需的维持和再生的神经元在涡虫。当通过RNA干扰敲低lhx 1/5-1或pitx时，多巴胺能神经元的多个典型标记物的表达丢失。令人惊讶的是，这些神经元在Planarians腹侧表皮上的运动纤毛的协调中发挥了作用，而这些纤毛是其非肌肉滑行运动所必需的。最后，我们表明，除了它的要求，Smed-pitx是需要在再生过程中适当的中线图案，当它是需要的中线组织分子Smed-slit在前面和Smed-wnt 1在后面的表达。
In contrast to most adult organisms, freshwater planarians can regenerate any injured body part, including their entire nervous system. This allows for the analysis of genes required for both the maintenance and regeneration of specific neural subtypes. In addition, the loss of specific neural subtypes may uncover previously unknown behavioral roles for that neural population in the context of the adult animal. Here we show that two homeodomain transcription factor homologs, Smed-lhx1/5-1 and Smed-pitx, are required for the maintenance and regeneration of serotonergic neurons in planarians. When either lhx1/5-1 or pitx was knocked down by RNA interference, the expression of multiple canonical markers for serotonergic neurons was lost. Surprisingly, the loss of serotonergic function uncovered a role for these neurons in the coordination of motile cilia on the ventral epidermis of planarians that are required for their nonmuscular gliding locomotion. Finally, we show that in addition to its requirement in serotonergic neurons, Smed-pitx is required for proper midline patterning during regeneration, when it is required for the expression of the midline-organizing molecules Smed-slit in the anterior and Smed-wnt1 in the posterior.