The influence of front strength on the development and equilibration of symmetric instability. Part 2. Nonlinear evolution

The influence of front strength on the development and equilibration of symmetric instability. Part 2. Nonlinear evolution
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锋面强度对对称不稳定性发展和平衡的影响。

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2021.684
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Wienkers A
Wienkers A
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wienkers A

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在第1部分(Wienkers,托马斯和泰勒,J.Fluid Mech.,vol.926,2021,A6),我们描述了Eady模型中代表宽锋区的对称不稳定性(SI)的线性增长和弱非线性饱和理论。在那里,我们发现,无论是平衡的热成风混合的SI和能源的主要来源的分数是强烈依赖于前的强度,定义为水平浮力梯度的科里奥利频率的平方的比率。具有陡峭等密度线的强锋通过从背景流中提取动能并迅速混合热成风廓线而发展出一种我们称之为“倾斜惯性不稳定”的SI。相比之下,弱锋从背景密度分布中提取更多的势能,从而导致“倾斜对流”。在这里,我们使用非线性数值模拟扩展了第1部分的理论,重点关注SI饱和后前沿的调整。我们发现,诱导惯性振荡的调整和振幅的细节取决于正面的强度。弱锋发展出窄锋波并激发小振幅垂直剪切惯性振荡,而强锋则产生大惯性振荡并产生沿沿着顶部和底部边界传播的孔状重力流。在这些强锋的湍流耗散率是大的,高度间歇性和加强弱层结期间。我们描述了这些机制和能量途径的前端朝着最终调整状态的演变,特别是专注于不同的无量纲前强度的影响。
In Part 1 (Wienkers, Thomas & Taylor, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 926, 2021, A6), we described the theory for linear growth and weakly nonlinear saturation of symmetric instability (SI) in the Eady model representing a broad frontal zone. There, we found that both the fraction of the balanced thermal wind mixed down by SI and the primary source of energy are strongly dependent on the front strength, defined as the ratio of the horizontal buoyancy gradient to the square of the Coriolis frequency. Strong fronts with steep isopycnals develop a flavour of SI we call ‘slantwise inertial instability’ by extracting kinetic energy from the background flow and rapidly mixing down the thermal wind profile. In contrast, weak fronts extract more potential energy from the background density profile, which results in ‘slantwise convection.’ Here, we extend the theory from Part 1 using nonlinear numerical simulations to focus on the adjustment of the front following saturation of SI. We find that the details of adjustment and amplitude of the induced inertial oscillations depend on the front strength. While weak fronts develop narrow frontlets and excite small-amplitude vertically sheared inertial oscillations, stronger fronts generate large inertial oscillations and produce bore-like gravity currents that propagate along the top and bottom boundaries. The turbulent dissipation rate in these strong fronts is large, highly intermittent and intensifies during periods of weak stratification. We describe each of these mechanisms and energy pathways as the front evolves towards the final adjusted state, and in particular focus on the effect of varying the dimensionless front strength.
对称不稳定性的非线性方面
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发表时间: 1989
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