Simulating Muscle-Level Energetic Cost Savings When Humans Run with a Passive Assistive Device.
Simulating Muscle-Level Energetic Cost Savings When Humans Run with a Passive Assistive Device.
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模拟人类使用被动辅助装置跑步时肌肉水平的能量成本节省。
DOI：
10.1109/lra.2023.3303094
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Delp,ScottL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stingel,JonP;Hicks,JenniferL;Uhlrich,ScottD;Delp,ScottL
用附在鞋带上的弹簧（称为外腱）连接腿部，可以减少跑步的能量消耗，但外腱如何减少单个肌肉的能量负担仍然未知。我们对七个有或没有外腱跑步的人进行了肌肉驱动的模拟，以辨别在站立阶段或摆动阶段是否发生了能量节省，并确定哪些肌肉有助于能量节省。我们计算了有外腱跑步和无外腱跑步之间肌肉能量消耗、肌肉激活以及肌纤维速度和力量变化的差异。在使用外腱跑步时降低能量消耗的 9 名参与者中，有 7 名将测量到的能量消耗率降低了 0.9 W/kg (8.3%)。模拟预测平均能量消耗率会降低 1.4 W/kg (12.0%)，并正确识别出外腱降低了所有七个人的能量消耗率。模拟显示，大部分能量节省发生在站立期间（1.5 W/kg），尽管能量消耗率在摆动期间也有所降低（0.3 W/kg）。能量节省分布在股四头肌、髋屈肌、髋外展肌、腘绳肌、髋内收肌和髋伸肌群上，而跖屈肌或背屈肌没有观察到变化。肌肉执行的机械工作率及其估计的产热率的降低促进了能量的节省。通过对肌肉级能量学进行建模，该模拟框架可以准确地捕获使用辅助设备时测得的全身能量学变化。这是通过预测人类如何与尚未构建的辅助设备交互来使用模拟来加速设备设计的有用的第一步。
Connecting the legs with a spring attached to the shoelaces, called an exotendon, can reduce the energetic cost of running, but how the exotendon reduces the energetic burden of individual muscles remains unknown. We generated muscle-driven simulations of seven individuals running with and without the exotendon to discern whether savings occurred during the stance phase or the swing phase, and to identify which muscles contributed to energy savings. We computed differences in muscle-level energy consumption, muscle activations, and changes in muscle-fiber velocity and force between running with and without the exotendon. The seven of nine participants who reduced energy cost when running with the exotendon reduced their measured energy expenditure rate by 0.9 W/kg (8.3%). Simulations predicted a 1.4 W/kg (12.0%) reduction in the average rate of energy expenditure and correctly identified that the exotendon reduced rates of energy expenditure for all seven individuals. Simulations showed most of the savings occurred during stance (1.5 W/kg), though the rate of energy expenditure was also reduced during swing (0.3 W/kg). The energetic savings were distributed across the quadriceps, hip flexor, hip abductor, hamstring, hip adductor, and hip extensor muscle groups, whereas no changes were observed in the plantarflexor or dorsiflexor muscles. Energetic savings were facilitated by reductions in the rate of mechanical work performed by muscles and their estimated rate of heat production. By modeling muscle-level energetics, this simulation framework accurately captured measured changes in whole-body energetics when using an assistive device. This is a useful first step towards using simulation to accelerate device design by predicting how humans will interact with assistive devices that have yet to be built.