Sea Surface Temperature-Salinity Covariability and Its Scale‐Dependent Characteristics
Sea Surface Temperature-Salinity Covariability and Its Scale‐Dependent Characteristics
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海面温度-盐度协变性及其尺度相关特征
DOI：
10.1029/2021gl096010
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Tanimoto Youichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kido Shoichiro;Nonaka Masami;Tanimoto Youichi
海面温度和盐度（SST/SSS）对于了解海洋在气候系统中的作用至关重要。由于海水密度受温度和盐度控制，表征这两个变量之间的关系对于海洋学、气候科学和其他相关领域尤为重要。通过分析观测数据，我们提供了海表温度和海表温度之间的协变性以及年际时间尺度上相关物理过程的第一张全球图景。这种 SST-SSS 协变性的一个显着特征是其独特的空间尺度依赖性。在小空间尺度（<1,000 km），它们的协变性归因于洋流的波动以及相关的热量和盐输送，而大尺度的协变性是由局部大气条件和大规模海洋环流的变化组合产生的。研究发现，当前一代的气候模型低估了这种独特的海表温度-海表温度协变，这表明涉及这些变量变化的物理过程并未如实反映。
Sea surface temperature and salinity (SST/SSS) are critical to understanding the ocean's role in the climate system. Because seawater density is controlled by temperature and salinity, characterizing the relationship between these two variables is particularly important for oceanography, climate science and other related fields. By analyzing observational data, we provide the first global picture of covariability between SST and SSS and associated physical processes at interannual timescales. A notable feature of such SST‐SSS covariability is its distinct spatial‐scale dependence; at small spatial scales (<1,000 km), their covariability is attributed to fluctuations in ocean currents and the associated heat and salt transport, whereas large‐scale covariability result from combinations of changes in local atmospheric conditions and large‐scale ocean circulations. It is found that the current generation of climate models underestimate such distinct SST–SSS covariations, suggesting that physical processes involving in variations of these variables are not faithfully represented as observed.