NeuroImage: Clinical Increased glutamate/GABA+ ratio in a shared autistic and schizotypal trait phenotype termed Social Disorganisation
NeuroImage: Clinical Increased glutamate/GABA+ ratio in a shared autistic and schizotypal trait phenotype termed Social Disorganisation
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自闭症和精神分裂症是具有大量表型重叠的多维谱障碍。这种重叠在非临床人群中很容易艾德，并被概念化为社会解体（SD）。本研究调查了具有高和低特质SD的非临床样本中兴奋性谷氨酸和抑制性γ -氨基丁酸（GABA）浓度的平衡，因为在自闭症和精神分裂症谱系障碍中报告了谷氨酸和GABA异常。参与者为18名低SD评分者（10名女性）和19名高SD评分者（9名女性），年龄在18至40岁之间，他们接受了右半球和左半球颞上（ST）体素中谷氨酸和GABA+大分子（GABA+）浓度的1H-MRS。在高SD组的右侧ST体素中发现GABA+浓度降低（p =0.03）和谷氨酸/GABA+比率增加（p =0.003），与右侧ST体素相比，左侧的GABA+浓度增加（p =0.047）。高SD组的双侧谷氨酸浓度增加（p =0.006）;没有半球与组的相互作用（p =0.772）。结果表明，SD表型的更高表达可能与谷氨酸/ GABA+增加有关，这可能是一种复杂的语音韵律处理，并导致自闭症和自闭症谱系内共有的行为特征。
Autism and schizophrenia are multi-dimensional spectrum disorders that have substantial phenotypic overlap. This overlap is readily identi fi ed in the non-clinical population, and has been conceptualised as Social Disorganisation (SD). This study investigates the balance of excitatory glutamate and inhibitory γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations in a non-clinical sample with high and low trait SD, as glutamate and GABA abnormalities are reported across the autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Participants were 18 low (10 females) and 19 high (9 females) SD scorers aged 18 to 40 years who underwent 1 H-MRS for glutamate and GABA+macromolecule (GABA+) concentrations in right and left hemisphere su- perior temporal (ST) voxels. Reduced GABA+ concentration ( p =0.03) and increased glutamate/GABA+ ratio ( p =0.003) in the right ST voxel for the high SD group was found, and there was increased GABA+ concentration in the left compared to right ST voxel ( p =0.047). Bilateral glutamate concentration was increased for the high SD group ( p =0.006); there was no hemisphere by group interaction ( p =0.772). Results suggest that a higher expression of the SD phenotype may be associated with increased glutamate/ GABA+ which may a ff speech prosody processing, and lead behavioural characteristics that are shared within the autistic and schizotypal spectra.