Neuroticism and Extraversion Magnify Discrepancies Between Retrospective and Concurrent Affect Reports.
Neuroticism and Extraversion Magnify Discrepancies Between Retrospective and Concurrent Affect Reports.
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DOI：
10.1111/jopy.12290
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发表时间：
2017-12
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Jennifer C. Lay;D. Gerstorf;Stacey B. Scott;Theresa Pauly;C. Hoppmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jennifer C. Lay;D. Gerstorf;Stacey B. Scott;Theresa Pauly;C. Hoppmann
虽然研究经常依赖于回顾性的自我情感报告，但对人格在回顾性报告中的作用以及这些报告如何与当时报告的情感趋同或偏离知之甚少。这个微纵向研究探讨人格（神经质，外倾性）和情绪显着性（峰值和最近的影响）协会与回顾性瞬间影响报告的差异，在不同的时间框架。方法参与者为179名年龄在20-78岁的成年人（男性= 48.7岁; 73.7%为高加索人/白色人），每人在10天内提供多达60份并发情感报告，然后在1天后回顾性报告每种情感状态的总体强度，并在1-2个月后再次报告。结果：多水平模型显示，个体回顾性地多报或少报了各种情感状态，表现出高唤醒积极和消极情感的峰值关联，低唤醒积极情感的近因关联，以及随着时间的推移而加强的独特人格特征。外向性和神经质都高的个体夸大了高唤醒的积极和消极情感，低估了低唤醒的积极情感，高外向性/低神经质的个体夸大了高唤醒的积极情感，低估了低唤醒的积极情感，低外向性/高神经质的个体夸大了高唤醒和低唤醒的消极情感。结论：这项研究是第一个确定唤醒特定的回顾性情感报告的差异，随着时间的推移，并建议回顾性报告也反映了情感自我认识的个性差异。
OBJECTIVE Although research often relies on retrospective affect self-reports, little is known about personality's role in retrospective reports and how these converge or deviate from affect reported in the moment. This micro-longitudinal study examines personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion) and emotional salience (peak and recent affect) associations with retrospective-momentary affect report discrepancies over different time frames. METHOD Participants were 179 adults aged 20-78 (M = 48.7 years; 73.7% Caucasian/White) who each provided up to 60 concurrent affect reports over 10 days, then retrospectively reported overall intensity of each affective state after 1 day and again after 1-2 months. RESULTS Multilevel models revealed that individuals retrospectively overreported or underreported various affective states, exhibiting peak associations for high arousal positive and negative affect, recency associations for low arousal positive affect, and distinct personality profiles that strengthened over time. Individuals high in both Extraversion and Neuroticism exaggerated high arousal positive and negative affect and underreported low arousal positive affect, high Extraversion/low Neuroticism individuals exaggerated high arousal positive affect and underreported low arousal positive affect, and low Extraversion/high Neuroticism individuals exaggerated high and low arousal negative affect. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to identify arousal-specific retrospective affect report discrepancies over time and suggests retrospective reports also reflect personality differences in affective self-knowledge.