Dog bites: still a problem?
Dog bites: still a problem?
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DOI：
10.1136/ip.2007.016220
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kresnow, M-J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilchrist, J.;Sacks, J. J.;Kresnow, M-J
目的：估计美国犬咬伤的发生率，并将其与1994年以来的类似估计进行比较。设计：2001-2003年间进行的全国代表性横断面、清单辅助、随机数字拨号电话调查。方法：对2001-2003年9684户家庭的调查数据进行加权估计，并与1994年的类似调查结果进行比较。15-17岁人口的估计数是根据10-14岁人口的比率推算出来的。结果：虽然成人狗咬伤的发生率保持相对不变，但与1994年的调查相比，儿童狗咬伤的发生率显著下降（47%），尤其是男孩和0-4岁的儿童。在2001年至2003年期间，估计每年有452300人被咬伤。其中，88.5万人需要医疗照顾（19%）。儿童比成年人更有可能因被狗咬伤而接受医疗救助。在成年人中，咬伤率随着年龄的增长而下降。在儿童和成人中，家中有狗与狗咬伤的发生率显著增加有关，而狗数量的增加也与狗咬伤发生率的增加有关。结论：狗咬伤仍然是一个公共卫生问题，每年影响1.5%的美国人口。虽然与1994年的类似数据比较表明，儿童的咬伤率正在下降，但似乎仍然需要有效的预防方案。
Objective: To estimate the incidence of dog bites in the USA and compare it with similar estimates from 1994.Design: Nationally representative cross-sectional, list-assisted, random-digit-dialed telephone survey conducted during 2001-2003.Methods: Weighted estimates were generated from data collected by surveying 9684 households during 2001-2003 and compared with results from a similar survey conducted in 1994. Estimates for persons aged 15-17 years were extrapolated on the basis of rates for 10-14-year-olds.Results: Whereas the incidence of dog bites among adults remained relatively unchanged, there was a significant (47%) decline in the incidence of dog bites among children compared with that observed in the 1994 survey, particularly among boys and among those aged 0-4 years. Between 2001 and 2003, an estimated 4 521 300 persons were bitten each year. Of these, 885 000 required medical attention (19%). Children were more likely than adults to receive medical attention for a dog bite. Among adults, bite rates decreased with increasing age. Among children and adults, having a dog in the household was associated with a significantly increased incidence of dog bites, with increasing incidence also related to increasing numbers of dogs.Conclusions: Dog bites continue to be a public health problem affecting 1.5% of the US population annually. Although comparison with similar data from 1994 suggests that bite rates for children are decreasing, there still appears to be a need for effective prevention programs.