Estrous cycle effects on operant responding for ethanol in female rats
Estrous cycle effects on operant responding for ethanol in female rats
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03950.x
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Koob, GF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roberts, AJ;Smith, AD;Koob, GF
据报道，人类女性对乙醇的有害影响特别敏感，因此研究女性饮酒的特征和机制非常重要。考虑到动情周期的雌性大鼠乙醇自我给药模型有可能提供有关这些特征和机制的重要信息。本研究的目的是使用有限获取操作范式探索周期对乙醇自我给药的影响。使用糖精褪色程序，训练雌性Wistar大鼠对10%乙醇与水进行杠杆按压。在发情周期的四个阶段检查反应。当这些大鼠被允许自由循环时，未观察到发情周期阶段的影响。随后，发情期的影响进行了研究，在女性的周期已同步。在这种情况下，存在发情期效应，在发情期（某些情况下在发情前期）观察到较低的乙醇摄入量。同步化大鼠都表现出至少一个非常清晰的4天发情周期，而自由奔跑大鼠的周期范围为3至5天。因此，当激素水平变化较小时，同步大鼠更有可能在每个阶段的相同部分进行测试。这些结果表明，在雌性大鼠中，乙醇可能在发情间期比发情前期和发情期更有强化作用。
Human females have been reported to be uniquely sensitive to the deleterious effects of ethanol, thus it is important to study the characteristics of and mechanisms underlying alcohol consumption that may be specific to females. Models of ethanol self-administration in female rats thai:take into consideration the estrous cycle have the potential to provide important information concerning these characteristics and mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the cycle on ethanol self-administration using a limited access operant paradigm. Female Wistar rats were trained to lever press for 10% ethanol versus water using a saccharin fading procedure. Responses were examined across the four phases of the estrous cycle. No effects of estrous cycle phase were observed when these rats were allowed to cycle freely. Subsequently, estrous phase effects were investigated in females whose cycles had been synchronized. Under this condition, an effect of estrous phase was present, with lower ethanol intake observed in estrus (and in some cases proestrus). Synchronized rats all showed at least one very clear 4-day estrous cycle, whereas free-running rats' cycles ranged from 3 to 5 days. Thus, it is more likely that synchronized rats were tested in the identical portion of each phase, when hormone levels were less variable. These results suggest that ethanol may be more reinforcing during diestrus than proestrus and estrus in female rats.