Therapy for Specific Problems Therapy for Specific Problems : Youth Tobacco Cessation
Therapy for Specific Problems Therapy for Specific Problems : Youth Tobacco Cessation
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发表时间：
2009
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通讯作者：
Susan J. Curry;Robin J. Mermelstein;Amy K Sporer;Christopher M. Federico;Jaime L. Napier;Steven Heine;Emma E. Buchtel-;Todd J. Weber
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作者：
Susan J. Curry;Robin J. Mermelstein;Amy K Sporer;Christopher M. Federico;Jaime L. Napier;Steven Heine;Emma E. Buchtel-;Todd J. Weber
人们似乎普遍希望了解个体差异。这一共同愿望既具有普遍性，又具有文化特性。积极看待自己的动机在不同的文化背景下有很大的不同，与这种动机协变的其他一些变量也是如此（即，接近-回避动机、内部-外部参照系、独立-相互依赖的自我观、能力的增量-实体理论、辩证自我观和关系流动性）。人格特征的结构，特别是人格的五因素模型，在不同文化中表现得非常一致，当该结构从其他语言的本土特征中提取时，注意到了一些关键的变化。五大人格特质中的每一个在每种文化中得到认可的程度都有很大的不同，尽管我们注意到在比较不同文化中的人格特质时存在一些方法上的挑战。最后，尽管世界各地的人们都可以根据个性特征来理解彼此，但与个人主义文化中的人相比，集体主义文化中的人在理解自己和他人时似乎较少依赖个性特征。369 A nn u. R ev . Psychol. 2009年。60：369-394.现在我们从一个陌生的地方开始。一个普通的回顾。或由H A R V A R D U N IV E R SI T Y o n 03 /06/ 09。因为你太天真了。ANRV 364-PS 60 -14 ARI 2008年10月27日16：18
There appears to be a universal desire to understand individual differences. This common desire exhibits both universal and culturally specific features. Motivations to view oneself positively differ substantially across cultural contexts, as do a number of other variables that covary with this motivation (i.e., approach-avoidance motivations, internalexternal frames of reference, independent-interdependent views of self, incremental-entity theories of abilities, dialectical self-views, and relational mobility). The structure of personality traits, particularly the five-factor model of personality, emerges quite consistently across cultures, with some key variations noted when the structure is drawn from indigenous traits in other languages. The extent to which each of the Big 5 traits is endorsed in each culture varies considerably, although we note some methodological challenges with comparing personality traits across cultures. Finally, although people everywhere can conceive of each other in terms of personality traits, people in collectivistic cultures appear to rely on traits to a lesser degree when understanding themselves and others, compared with those from individualistic cultures. 369 A nn u. R ev . P sy ch ol . 2 00 9. 60 :3 69 -3 94 . D ow nl oa de d fr om a rj ou rn al s. an nu al re vi ew s. or g by H A R V A R D U N IV E R SI T Y o n 03 /0 6/ 09 . F or p er so na l u se o nl y. ANRV364-PS60-14 ARI 27 October 2008 16:18