Effects of right- and left-hemisphere damage on understanding conversational implicatures
Effects of right- and left-hemisphere damage on understanding conversational implicatures
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DOI：
10.1006/brln.1999.2129
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Zaidel, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kasher, A;Batori, G;Zaidel, E
在27例右脑损伤（RBD）和31例左脑损伤（LBD）的脑卒中患者中，使用一种新的含义电池（IB）作为自然语言语用学的神经基础和模块化探索的一部分，研究了含义的加工。在格赖斯之后，我们对数量、质量、关系和方式的含义进行了抽样。言语含义由两句话组成的会话小插曲，从字面上看是有问题的。非言语含义主要由名画组成，这些名画在字面上是有问题的（例如，马格利特的“Le Domain d'Arnheim”）。患者必须识别并解决问题。为了与IB上的表现进行比较，患者还接受了Gardner和Brownell的右半球沟通组合的希伯来语改编，一种新的基本言语行为测试（言语和非言语断言，问题，请求和命令），西方失语症组合的希伯来语版本，以及标准化的神经心理学测试。与年龄匹配的正常对照组相比，LED和RED患者的含义加工均显著受损。在一般情况下，两个患者组显示弱相关性的影响程度的病变在左大脑外侧裂周围的语言区或其右半球（RH）的同系物。然而，LED和RED患者在IB上的表现显示出与其他语用，语言和非语言测试的相关性不同的模式。与RED患者相比，LED患者的言语和非言语含义表现之间以及含义表现与基本言语行为之间存在更大的关联。考虑到左右半球损伤影响会话含义加工的不同模式，还有待发现两个半球如何在正常大脑中相互作用以在真实的时间内处理自然语言语用，（C）1999年学术出版社。
Processing of implicatures was examined in 27 right-brain-damaged (RBD) and 31 left-brain-damaged (LBD) stroke patients with focal lesions using a new implicatures battery (IB) as part of an exploration of the neural basis and modularity of natural language pragmatics. Following Grice, we sampled implicatures of Quantity, Quality, Relation, and Manner. Verbal implicatures consisted of two-sentence conversational vignettes which are literally problematic. Nonverbal implicatures consisted mostly of famous paintings that are literally problematic (e.g., Magritte's "Le Domain d'Arnheim"). The patient has to identify and solve the problem. To compare with performance on the IB, patients also received a Hebrew adaptation of Gardner and Brownell's Right Hemisphere Communication Battery, a new test of basic speech acts (verbal and nonverbal assertions, questions, requests, and commands), a Hebrew version of the Western Aphasia Battery, and standardized neuropsychological tests. Both LED and RED patients were significantly impaired in implicature processing relative to age-matched normal controls. In general, both patient groups showed weak correlations of implicatures with extents of lesions in left perisylvian language area or its right-hemisphere (RH) homolog. However, performance of LED and RED patients on the IB revealed different patterns of correlations with other pragmatic, language, and nonlanguage tests. In LED patients, there was a greater association between performance on verbal and nonverbal implicatures and between performance on implicatures and basic speech acts than in RED patients. Given the different modes in which right-and left-hemisphere (LK) damage affect the processing of conversational implicatures, it remains to be discovered how the two hemispheres interact to process natural language pragmatics in the normal brain in real time, (C) 1999 Academic Press.