Visual short-term memory load modulates the early attention and perception of task-irrelevant emotional faces.
Visual short-term memory load modulates the early attention and perception of task-irrelevant emotional faces.
复制标题
视觉短期记忆负荷调节与任务无关的情绪面孔的早期注意力和感知
DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2015.00490
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Li L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang P;Wang M;Jin Z;Li L
专注于与任务相关的信息，同时抑制干扰的能力对于人类的认知和行为至关重要。使用延迟匹配样本 (DMS) 任务，我们使用低和高 VSTM 负载，研究了情绪面孔干扰因素（积极、消极和中性面孔）对视觉短期记忆 (VSTM) 维持间隔的早期和晚期阶段的影响。行为结果显示，高 VSTM 负载与低 VSTM 负载相比，准确性降低，反应时间 (RT) 延迟。事件相关电位（ERP）显示，与中性或积极面孔相比，消极面孔的额叶 N1 和枕叶 P1 振幅增强，这意味着快速的注意力警报效应和消极干扰因素的早期知觉处理。然而，高 VSTM 负载似乎总体上抑制了面部处理，表现出 N1 振幅降低和 P1 延迟延迟。当观看负面干扰物时，在左额叶区域发现 N1 激活差异（高负载减去低负载）与 RT 成本（高负载减去低负载）之间存在负相关，这表明抑制越大，负面面孔的 RT 成本就越低。在VSTM晚期相关的顶叶P300、额叶正慢波（PSW）和枕叶负慢波（NSW）成分中未发现情绪干扰效应。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明 VSTM 负荷调节早期注意力和情绪干扰的感知。
The ability to focus on task-relevant information, while suppressing distraction, is critical for human cognition and behavior. Using a delayed-match-to-sample (DMS) task, we investigated the effects of emotional face distractors (positive, negative, and neutral faces) on early and late phases of visual short-term memory (VSTM) maintenance intervals, using low and high VSTM loads. Behavioral results showed decreased accuracy and delayed reaction times (RTs) for high vs. low VSTM load. Event-related potentials (ERPs) showed enhanced frontal N1 and occipital P1 amplitudes for negative faces vs. neutral or positive faces, implying rapid attentional alerting effects and early perceptual processing of negative distractors. However, high VSTM load appeared to inhibit face processing in general, showing decreased N1 amplitudes and delayed P1 latencies. An inverse correlation between the N1 activation difference (high-load minus low-load) and RT costs (high-load minus low-load) was found at left frontal areas when viewing negative distractors, suggesting that the greater the inhibition the lower the RT cost for negative faces. Emotional interference effect was not found in the late VSTM-related parietal P300, frontal positive slow wave (PSW) and occipital negative slow wave (NSW) components. In general, our findings suggest that the VSTM load modulates the early attention and perception of emotional distractors.