Arsenic and Lead Uptake by Vegetable Crops Grown on an Old Orchard Site Amended with Compost.
Arsenic and Lead Uptake by Vegetable Crops Grown on an Old Orchard Site Amended with Compost.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11270-015-2529-9
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Marquez-Bravo LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McBride MB;Shayler HA;Russell-Anelli JM;Spliethoff HM;Marquez-Bravo LG
研究了受砷酸铅农药污染的老果园土壤中铅、砷向蔬菜转移的潜力。根（胡萝卜），叶（莴苣），蔬菜水果（绿色豆，番茄）生长在7个“小块”，土壤浓度范围从接近背景到10800和10200毫克kg−1的总铅和砷，分别。每个小区被分成子小区，并与0%（对照），5%和10%（按重量计）的堆肥和作物3年。每种蔬菜的可食用部分进行了分析，总铅和砷，以测试这些有毒元素转移到作物的有机质的效果。蔬菜Pb和As含量分别与土壤总Pb和As含量呈极显著正相关，而与土壤有机质含量和堆肥添加量无显著相关性。蔬菜中铅含量表现为胡萝卜≥生菜>菜豆>番茄。As含量，生菜>胡萝卜>菜豆>番茄。一个补充的一年的研究生菜，芝麻菜，菠菜和羽衣甘蓝揭示了有益的影响堆肥在减少铅和砷的浓度在叶菜。所有测量的蔬菜浓度与国际健康标准的比较表明，即使在严重铅和砷污染的土壤中，西红柿也可以不超过标准，但胡萝卜和绿叶蔬菜在铅含量超过100-200 mg kg−1的土壤中生长时可能超过标准。在土壤砷含量较高的花园中，绿叶蔬菜也可能超过健康标准，其中芝麻菜积累砷的倾向特别强。
The potential for lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) transfer into vegetables was studied on old orchard land contaminated by lead arsenate pesticides. Root (carrot), leafy (lettuce), and vegetable fruits (green bean, tomato) were grown on seven “miniplots” with soil concentrations ranging from near background to ≈ 800 and ≈ 200 mg kg−1 of total Pb and As, respectively. Each miniplot was divided into sub-plots and amended with 0% (control), 5% and 10% (by weight) compost and cropped for 3 years. Edible portions of each vegetable were analyzed for total Pb and As to test the effect of organic matter on transfer of these toxic elements into the crop. Vegetable Pb and As concentrations were strongly correlated to soil total Pb and As, respectively, but not to soil organic matter content or compost addition level. For Pb vegetable concentrations, carrot ≥ lettuce > bean > tomato. For As, lettuce > carrot > bean > tomato. A complementary single-year study of lettuce, arugula, spinach, and collards revealed a beneficial effect of compost in reducing both Pb and As concentrations in leafy vegetables. Comparisons of all measured vegetable concentrations to international health-based standards indicate that tomatoes can be grown without exceeding standards even in substantially Pb- and As-contaminated soils, but carrots and leafy greens may exceed standards when grown in soils with more than 100–200 mg kg−1 Pb. Leafy greens may also exceed health-based standards in gardens where soil As is elevated, with arugula having a particularly strong tendency to accumulate As.