Structures of an intramembrane vitamin K epoxide reductase homolog reveal control mechanisms for electron transfer.

Structures of an intramembrane vitamin K epoxide reductase homolog reveal control mechanisms for electron transfer.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms4110
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Li, Weikai
Li, Weikai
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Shixuan;Cheng, Wei;Grider, Ronald Fowle;Shen, Guomin;Li, Weikai

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膜内维生素 K 环氧化物还原酶 (VKOR) 支持人体凝血,是抗凝剂华法林的作用靶点。 VKOR 及其同系物在从细菌到人类的生物体中产生二硫键。在这里,为了更好地理解 VKOR 催化机制,我们报告了在不同反应状态下捕获的细菌 VKOR 的两种晶体结构。这些结构揭示了 VKOR 疏水活性位点上的短螺旋,它在缠绕和未缠绕构象之间变化。这种“水平螺旋”的运动通过调节相邻环中两个半胱氨酸的位置来促进电子转移。螺旋的缠绕将这些“环半胱氨酸”分开,以防止电子向后流动。尽管有这些运动,活性位点的疏水性仍得以保持,以促进 VKOR 催化。生化实验表明,一些华法林抗性突变通过改变水平螺旋的构象起作用。总而言之,这些研究提供了对 VKOR 功能的全面了解。
The intramembrane vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) supports blood coagulation in humans and is the target of the anticoagulant warfarin. VKOR and its homologs generate disulfide bonds in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. Here, to better understand the mechanism of VKOR catalysis, we report two crystal structures of a bacterial VKOR captured in different reaction states. These structures reveal a short helix at the hydrophobic active site of VKOR that alters between wound and unwound conformations. Motions of this “horizontal helix” promote electron transfer by regulating the positions of two cysteines in an adjacent loop. Winding of the helix separates these “loop cysteines” to prevent backward electron flow. Despite these motions, hydrophobicity at the active site is maintained to facilitate VKOR catalysis. Biochemical experiments suggest that several warfarin-resistant mutations act by changing the conformation of the horizontal helix. Taken together, these studies provide a comprehensive understanding of VKOR function.
DOI: 10.1093/emboj/21.10.2354
发表时间: 2002-05-15
期刊: EMBO JOURNAL
影响因子: 11.4
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