Renal lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity.
Renal lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity.
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DOI：
10.1097/mnh.0b013e32833aa4ac
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Bobulescu IA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bobulescu IA
越来越多的人认识到，非脂肪组织中的脂质蓄积通过称为脂毒性的过程导致器官损伤，但该过程是否发生在肾脏中仍不确定。本文简要总结了脂质在肾脏生理学中的正常作用，以及目前将过量脂质和脂毒性与肾功能不全联系起来的证据。近年来，有证据表明肾脂质蓄积和脂毒性可能导致肾功能障碍。肾脂质含量异常已在许多动物模型中描述，并已成功地使用药理学或遗传学策略进行操纵。在肾脏脂质蓄积的机制、后果和定位方面，研究之间存在一定的异质性，至少部分可通过动物模型之间的固有差异来解释。这些发现与人类病理生理学的相关性仍有待确定。目前对肾脏脂质生理学和病理生理学的了解还不够，但为进一步探索提供了坚实的基础和动力。未来在这一领域面临着重大挑战，特别是关于研究结果在体内对人类肾脏的适用性，但也有机会改变我们对一系列肾脏疾病的理解。
Lipid accumulation in nonadipose tissues is increasingly recognized to contribute to organ injury through a process termed lipotoxicity, but whether this process occurs in the kidney is still uncertain. This article briefly summarizes the normal role of lipids in renal physiology and the current evidence linking excess lipids and lipotoxicity to renal dysfunction. Evidence suggesting that renal lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity may lead to kidney dysfunction has mounted significantly over recent years. Abnormal renal lipid content has been described in a number of animal models and has been successfully manipulated using pharmacologic or genetic strategies. There is some heterogeneity among studies with regard to the mechanisms, consequences, and localization of lipid accumulation in the kidney, explainable at least in part by inherent differences between animal models. The relevance of these findings for human pathophysiology remains to be established. Current knowledge on renal lipid physiology and pathophysiology is insufficient, but provides a strong foundation and incentive for further exploration. The future holds significant challenges in this area, especially with regard to applicability of research findings to the human kidney in vivo, but also the opportunity to transform our understanding of an array of kidney disorders.