Orally efficacious broad-spectrum allosteric inhibitor of paramyxovirus polymerase.

Orally efficacious broad-spectrum allosteric inhibitor of paramyxovirus polymerase.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41564-020-0752-7
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发表时间:
2020-10
影响因子:
28.3
通讯作者:
Plemper RK
Plemper RK
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cox RM;Sourimant J;Toots M;Yoon JJ;Ikegame S;Govindarajan M;Watkinson RE;Thibault P;Makhsous N;Lin MJ;Marengo JR;Sticher Z;Kolykhalov AA;Natchus MG;Greninger AL;Lee B;Plemper RK

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人类副流感病毒 3 型 (HPIV3) 和麻疹病毒 (MeV) 等副粘病毒对健康构成重大威胁。在对急性呼吸道感染的主要原因 HPIV3 抑制剂的高通量筛选中,我们鉴定出了 GHP-88309,这是一种病毒聚合酶活性的非核苷抑制剂,对多种副粘病毒(包括呼吸道病毒(即 HPIV1 和 HPIV3)和麻疹病毒(即 MeV))具有不同寻常的广谱活性。不同目标病毒的耐药谱在空间上重叠,揭示了病毒聚合酶(L)蛋白中央腔中的保守结合位点,该结合位点通过基于光亲和标记的目标图谱进行了验证。通过病毒 RNA 分析和体外 MeV 聚合酶测定进行机械表征,确定了病毒聚合酶起始阶段的阻断。 GHP-88309 在分化良好的人气道类器官培养物中显示出针对 HPIV3 分离株的纳摩尔效力,耐受性良好(选择性指数 >7,111),具有口服生物利用度,并且在感染 48 小时后进行治疗时,在人 HPIV3 疾病的仙台病毒 (SeV) 小鼠替代模型中提供针对致命感染的完全保护。康复者获得了针对再次感染的强大免疫保护,并且病毒抵抗力与严重减弱同时发生。这项研究提供了一种性能良好的广谱变构抗病毒药物的可行性证明,并描述了一种具有高治疗潜力的化学型,可以解决抗副粘病毒药物开发的主要障碍。
Paramyxoviruses such as human parainfluenza virus type-3 (HPIV3) and measles virus (MeV) are a substantial health threat. In a high-throughput screen for inhibitors of HPIV3, a major cause of acute respiratory infection, we identified GHP-88309, a non-nucleoside inhibitor of viral polymerase activity that possesses unusual broad-spectrum activity against diverse paramyxoviruses including respiroviruses (i.e. HPIV1 and HPIV3) and morbilliviruses (i.e. MeV). Resistance profiles of distinct target viruses overlap spatially, revealing a conserved binding site in the central cavity of the viral polymerase (L) protein that was validated by photoaffinity labeling-based target mapping. Mechanistic characterization through viral RNA profiling and in vitro MeV polymerase assays identified a block in the initiation phase of the viral polymerase. GHP-88309 showed nanomolar potency against HPIV3 isolates in well-differentiated human airway organoid cultures, was well-tolerated (selectivity index >7,111), orally bioavailable, and provided complete protection against lethal infection in a Sendai virus (SeV)-mouse surrogate model of human HPIV3 disease when administered therapeutically 48 hours after infection. Recoverees had acquired robust immunoprotection against reinfection and viral resistance coincided with severe attenuation. This study provides proof-of-feasibility of a well-behaved broad-spectrum allosteric antiviral and describes a chemotype with high therapeutic potential that addresses major obstacles of anti-paramyxovirus drug development.
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