Genomic islands of speciation separate cichlid ecomorphs in an East African crater lake.
Genomic islands of speciation separate cichlid ecomorphs in an East African crater lake.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aac9927
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发表时间：
2015-12-18
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Turner GF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Malinsky M;Challis RJ;Tyers AM;Schiffels S;Terai Y;Ngatunga BP;Miska EA;Durbin R;Genner MJ;Turner GF
在物种形成过程中，不同生态选择的基因组原因和影响仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们报告了在坦桑尼亚一个小的（直径700米）孤立的火山口湖中发现和详细描述了两种丽鱼生态形态的早期适应分化。生态形态在深度偏好、雄性繁殖颜色、体型、饮食和营养形态等方面存在差异。利用146条鱼的全基因组序列，我们确定了98个明确划分的高度分化的基因组“岛”，并证明了这些岛上的基因型与不同的交配偏好之间的关联。这些岛屿含有丰富的候选适应基因，用于感觉知觉（包括视紫红质和其他暮光视觉相关基因）、激素信号和形态发生。我们的研究表明机制和基因组区域可能在马拉维湖密切相关的大辐射中发挥作用。
The genomic causes and effects of divergent ecological selection during speciation are still poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery and detailed characterization of early-stage adaptive divergence of two cichlid fish ecomorphs in a small (700m diameter) isolated crater lake in Tanzania. The ecomorphs differ in depth preference, male breeding color, body shape, diet and trophic morphology. With whole genome sequences of 146 fish, we identify 98 clearly demarcated genomic ‘islands’ of high differentiation and demonstrate association of genotypes across these islands to divergent mate preferences. The islands contain candidate adaptive genes enriched for functions in sensory perception (including rhodopsin and other twilight vision associated genes), hormone signaling and morphogenesis. Our study suggests mechanisms and genomic regions that may play a role in the closely related mega-radiation of Lake Malawi.