Microscale Insight into Microbial Seed Banks.
Microscale Insight into Microbial Seed Banks.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.02040
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lennon JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Locey KJ;Fisk MC;Lennon JT
微生物休眠导致环境、工程和宿主相关生态系统中种子库的出现。这些种子库充当多样性的储存库，使微生物能够在不利条件下（包括资源极端有限的条件下）生存。虽然微生物种子库可能受到宏观因素（例如资源供应）的影响，但生物体与资源颗粒之间微观接触的重要性常常被忽视。我们假设空间、营养和资源复杂性的维度决定了相遇率，这反过来又推动了种子库的丰富度、生产力和规模。我们使用超过 10,000 个随机个体模型 (IBM) 进行了测试，这些模型模拟了资源、空间和营养复杂性组合的能量、生理和生态过程。这些 IBM 允许现实动态和种子库的出现，这些种子库是通过物种性状随机变化的生态选择来实现的。资源供给、集中度等宏观因素对资源遭遇率影响不大。相比之下，相遇率受到扩散模式和空间结构之间相互作用以及资源的顽抗性的强烈影响。反过来，相遇率推动了丰度、生产力和种子库的动态。时间序列显示，能量消耗大的性状可以导致大型种子库，而顽固的资源可以通过种子库的形成和资源的缓慢消耗带来更大的稳定性。我们的研究结果表明，微生物种子库是从生态复杂性的微观维度及其对资源限制和能源成本的影响中产生的。
Microbial dormancy leads to the emergence of seed banks in environmental, engineered, and host-associated ecosystems. These seed banks act as reservoirs of diversity that allow microbes to persist under adverse conditions, including extreme limitation of resources. While microbial seed banks may be influenced by macroscale factors, such as the supply of resources, the importance of microscale encounters between organisms and resource particles is often overlooked. We hypothesized that dimensions of spatial, trophic, and resource complexity determine rates of encounter, which in turn, drive the abundance, productivity, and size of seed banks. We tested this using >10,000 stochastic individual based models (IBMs) that simulated energetic, physiological, and ecological processes across combinations of resource, spatial, and trophic complexity. These IBMs allowed realistic dynamics and the emergence of seed banks from ecological selection on random variation in species traits. Macroscale factors like the supply and concentration of resources had little effect on resource encounter rates. In contrast, encounter rates were strongly influenced by interactions between dispersal mode and spatial structure, and also by the recalcitrance of resources. In turn, encounter rates drove abundance, productivity, and seed bank dynamics. Time series revealed that energetically costly traits can lead to large seed banks and that recalcitrant resources can lead to greater stability through the formation of seed banks and the slow consumption of resources. Our findings suggest that microbial seed banks emerge from microscale dimensions of ecological complexity and their influence on resource limitation and energetic costs.