Carbon-Concentration and Carbon-Climate Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models
Carbon-Concentration and Carbon-Climate Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-12-00494.1
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Wu, Tongwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arora, Vivek K.;Boer, George J.;Wu, Tongwen
在耦合的碳-气候系统的反馈特征参数的幅度和演变进行比较，在9个地球系统模型（ESM）。该分析是基于地球化学，辐射和完全耦合的模拟结果，其中CO2以1%的速度增加（-1）。这些模拟是耦合模式相互比较项目（CMIP 5）第5阶段的一部分。大气与底层陆地和海洋之间的CO2通量对大气CO2浓度的变化以及温度和其他气候变量的变化作出反应。碳浓度和碳气候反馈参数表征了大气和下垫面之间的CO2通量对这些变化的响应。使用两种不同的方法计算反馈参数。这两种方法是等效的，并且可以用于计算反馈项对诊断的累积排放的贡献。碳浓度反馈对诊断的累积排放量的贡献与二氧化碳浓度增加1%的情景一致，约为碳气候反馈的4.5倍。与参与模型的海洋部分相比，陆地部分的碳收支对CO2和温度变化的模拟响应差异大3-4倍。反馈参数取决于系统的状态以及强迫情景，但仍然提供了深入了解耦合的碳-气候系统的行为和比较模型的有用的通用框架。
The magnitude and evolution of parameters that characterize feedbacks in the coupled carbon-climate system are compared across nine Earth system models (ESMs). The analysis is based on results from biogeochemically, radiatively, and fully coupled simulations in which CO2 increases at a rate of 1% yr(-1). These simulations are part of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The CO2 fluxes between the atmosphere and underlying land and ocean respond to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration and to changes in temperature and other climate variables. The carbon-concentration and carbon-climate feedback parameters characterize the response of the CO2 flux between the atmosphere and the underlying surface to these changes. Feedback parameters are calculated using two different approaches. The two approaches are equivalent and either may be used to calculate the contribution of the feedback terms to diagnosed cumulative emissions. The contribution of carbon-concentration feedback to diagnosed cumulative emissions that are consistent with the 1% increasing CO2 concentration scenario is about 4.5 times larger than the carbon-climate feedback. Differences in the modeled responses of the carbon budget to changes in CO2 and temperature are seen to be 3-4 times larger for the land components compared to the ocean components of participating models. The feedback parameters depend on the state of the system as well the forcing scenario but nevertheless provide insight into the behavior of the coupled carbon-climate system and a useful common framework for comparing models.