Microencapsulated chlorpyrifos: Degradation in soil and influence on soil microbial community structures
Microencapsulated chlorpyrifos: Degradation in soil and influence on soil microbial community structures
复制标题
微囊化毒死蜱：在土壤中的降解及其对土壤微生物群落结构的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jes.2014.09.017
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Yu, Yunlong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Liezhong;Li, Yanli;Yu, Yunlong
通过与室内毒死蜱有效浓度（CPF-EC）的对比，研究了微胶囊化毒死蜱（CPF-MC）在土壤中的降解动力学及其对土壤微生物群落结构的影响。添加水平为5和20 mg/kg的CPF-MC在土壤中的残留期均达到120 d，降解曲线均不符合一级动力学模型，在15 ~ 60 d内，毒死蜱在土壤中的胶囊外残留量分别为1.76（+/-0.33）和5.92（+/-1.20）mg/kg。CPF-EC的降解动力学符合一级动力学模型，5和20 mg/kg处理的残留期均为60 d。两种浓度CPF-MC处理的土壤中细菌群落结构与对照组相似，DGGE凝胶电泳条带数和条带相对强度差异不显著（p > 0.05）。真菌群落结构在5 mg/kg处理中受到轻微影响，并在30天后恢复到对照水平，但在20 mg/kg处理中最初与对照存在显著差异（p < 0.05），直到90天后才恢复到对照水平。CPF-EC显著改变了微生物群落结构（p < 0.05），并且直到240天后效果才消失。结果表明，与常规浓缩制剂相比，微胶囊技术延长了毒死蜱在土壤中的残留期，降低了毒死蜱对土壤微生物的毒副作用。(C)2014中国科学院生态环境科学研究中心由爱思唯尔公司出版
Degradation kinetics of microencapsulated chlorpyrifos (CPF-MC) in soil and its influence on soil microbial community structures were investigated by comparing with emulsifiable concentration of chlorpyrifos (CPF-EC) in laboratory. The residual periods of CPF-MC with fortification levels of 5 and 20 mg/kg reached 120 days in soil, both of the degradation curves did not fit the first-order model, and out-capsule residues of chlorpyrifos in soil were maintained at 1.76 (+/- 0.33) and 5.92 (+/- 1.20) mg/kg in the period between 15 and 60 days, respectively. The degradation kinetics of CPF-EC fit the first-order model, and the residual periods of 5 and 20 mg/kg treatments were 60 days. Bacterial community structures in soil treated with two concentrations of CPF-MC showed similarity to those of the control during the test period, as seen in the band number and relative intensities of the individual band on DGGE gels (p > 0.05). Fungal community structures were slightly affected in the 5 mg/kg treatments and returned to the control levels after 30 days, but initially differed significantly from control in the 20 mg/kg treatments (p < 0.05) and did not recover to control levels until 90 days later. The CPF-EC significantly altered microbial community structures (p < 0.05) and effects did not disappear until 240 days later. The results indicated that the microcapsule technology prolonged the residue periods of chlorpyrifos in soil whereas it decreased its side-effects on soil microbes as compared with the emulsifiable concentration formulation. (C) 2014 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.