Islam Moves West: Religious Change in the First and Second Generations
Islam Moves West: Religious Change in the First and Second Generations
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145455
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发表时间：
2012-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
David Voas;F. Fleischmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David Voas;F. Fleischmann
在西方国家定居的穆斯林的宗教身份、信仰和实践发生了什么？他们，或者他们的孩子和后代，会逐渐变得更加世俗吗？或者他们是通过变得更加宗教化来对抗主流精神和感知到的偏见？我们回顾了最近的研究，涉及这些问题。美国以外的大多数穆斯林移民来自欠发达国家的农村地区，那里的宗教信仰比接收社会更高。居住在同种族高度集中的地区、宗教社区的支持以及宗教内婚有助于维持宗教承诺。第二代的情况更加复杂。西方文化有一定的影响，但结构性的融合并不一定会减少宗教信仰。一些移民的子女试图追随一种“真实的”伊斯兰教，这种伊斯兰教已经被净化了文化上的特定习俗。对穆斯林的敌意可能会导致一些人通过增加自己的宗教参与来做出反应。
What happens to the religious identity, belief, and practice of Muslims who settle in Western countries? Do they, or their children and subsequent generations, gradually become more secular? Or do they react against the dominant ethos and perceived prejudice by becoming more religious? We review recent research that touches on these questions. Most Muslim immigrants outside the United States come from rural areas of less developed countries where religiosity is higher than in the receiving societies. Residence in areas of high coethnic concentration, support from religious communities, and religious endogamy help to maintain religious commitment. The situation is more complicated for the second generation. Western culture has an influence, but structural integration does not necessarily reduce religiosity. Some children of immigrants try to follow a “real” Islam that has been purified of culturally specific practices. Hostility toward Muslims may lead some to react by increasing their own religious involvement.