Mouse models of hepatitis B virus infection comprising host-virus immunologic interactions.
Mouse models of hepatitis B virus infection comprising host-virus immunologic interactions.
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DOI：
10.3390/pathogens3020377
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发表时间：
2014-04-23
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Marusawa H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Inuzuka T;Takahashi K;Chiba T;Marusawa H
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是与各种人类肝脏疾病相关的最流行的传染病之一，包括急性、暴发性和慢性肝炎；肝硬化；和肝细胞癌。尽管已经有了乙肝疫苗并且抗病毒疗法也得到了发展，但全球仍有超过 3.5 亿慢性感染者，约占世界人口的 5%。为了了解乙型肝炎病毒感染患者的病毒生物学和发病机制，已经开发了几种动物模型来模拟肝脏乙型肝炎病毒感染和针对乙型肝炎病毒的免疫反应，但乙型肝炎病毒感染的宿主范围狭窄以及动物模型缺乏完整的免疫反应谱仍然存在很大的局限性。使用各种重现肝脏 HBV 感染的小鼠模型进行的研究中获得的证据不断积累，为了解 HBV 感染期间宿主-病毒免疫相互作用提供了一些线索，但 HBV 清除所需的免疫反应的决定因素尚不清楚。因此，迫切需要足够的小鼠模型来阐明乙肝消除机制并确定抗病毒治疗的新靶点。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases associated with various human liver diseases, including acute, fulminant and chronic hepatitis; liver cirrhosis; and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the availability of an HBV vaccine and the development of antiviral therapies, there are still more than 350 million chronically infected people worldwide, approximately 5% of the world population. To understand the virus biology and pathogenesis in HBV-infected patients, several animal models have been developed to mimic hepatic HBV infection and the immune response against HBV, but the narrow host range of HBV infection and lack of a full immune response spectrum in animal models remain significant limitations. Accumulating evidence obtained from studies using a variety of mouse models that recapitulate hepatic HBV infection provides several clues for understanding host-virus immunologic interactions during HBV infection, whereas the determinants of the immune response required for HBV clearance are poorly defined. Therefore, adequate mouse models are urgently needed to elucidate the mechanism of HBV elimination and identify novel targets for antiviral therapies.