Stellar feedback-regulated black hole growth: driving factors from nuclear to halo scales
Stellar feedback-regulated black hole growth: driving factors from nuclear to halo scales
复制标题
恒星反馈调节的黑洞生长：从核尺度到晕尺度的驱动因素
DOI：
10.1093/mnras/stad171
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hopkins, Philip F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byrne, Lindsey;Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André;Stern, Jonathan;Anglés-Alcázar, Daniel;Wellons, Sarah;Gurvich, Alexander B.;Hopkins, Philip F.
最近几个星系形成的模拟预测了超大质量黑洞（BH）吸积的两个主要阶段：早期，高度间歇性的阶段（在此期间，BH相对于局部标度关系质量不足），其次是加速增长的阶段。我们调查的物理因素，推动BH吸积在宇宙学放大模拟从火项目，从矮星系到星系足够大的主机发光类星体的过渡。模拟模拟了多通道恒星反馈，但忽略了AGN反馈。我们发现，多个物理特性，包括晕质量，星系恒星质量，和深度的中心引力势与加速BH燃料：在这些属性中的恒定阈值通常是在10.1哈勃加速BH燃料的时间内交叉。当内部1 kpc的恒星表面密度超过一个阈值时，黑洞质量急剧增加，这个阈值是一个特征值，超过这个值，引力会阻止恒星反馈喷射气体，类似于观察到的星系熄灭的值。我们进一步表明，加速BH的增长与长寿命的薄气盘的出现，以及与环星系内介质的维里化。BH加速生长的晕质量Mhalo = 1012 M <$m和恒星质量M *= 1010.5M <$m对应于L-1010星系。恒星的反馈在超过这个质量尺度的星系中从核中喷射气体时变得低效，这一事实可能在解释为什么活动星系核的反馈在超过L的星系中似乎是最重要的方面起着重要的作用。
Several recent simulations of galaxy formation predict two main phases of supermassive black hole (BH) accretion: an early, highly intermittent phase (during which BHs are undermassive relative to local scaling relations), followed by a phase of accelerated growth. We investigate physical factors that drive the transition in BH accretion in cosmological zoom-in simulations from the FIRE project, ranging from dwarf galaxies to galaxies sufficiently massive to host luminous quasars. The simulations model multichannel stellar feedback, but neglect AGN feedback. We show that multiple physical properties, including halo mass, galaxy stellar mass, and depth of the central gravitational potential correlate with accelerated BH fuelling: constant thresholds in these properties are typically crossed within ∼0.1 Hubble time of accelerated BH fuelling. Black hole masses increase sharply when the stellar surface density in the inner 1 kpc crosses a threshold, a characteristic value above which gravity prevents stellar feedback from ejecting gas, and similar to the value above which galaxies are observed to quench. We further show that accelerated BH growth correlates with the emergence of long-lived thin gas discs, as well as with virialization of the inner circumgalactic medium. The halo massMhalo∼ 1012M⊙and stellar massM*∼ 1010.5M⊙at which BH growth accelerates correspond to ∼L⋆galaxies. The fact that stellar feedback becomes inefficient at ejecting gas from the nucleus above this mass scale may play an important role in explaining why AGN feedback appears to be most important in galaxies aboveL⋆.