The adverse effect of low levels of ambient air pollutants on lung function growth in preadolescent children
The adverse effect of low levels of ambient air pollutants on lung function growth in preadolescent children
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DOI：
10.2307/3434460
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Mróz, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jedrychowski, W;Flak, E;Mróz, E
我们研究的主要目的是评估低浓度环境空气污染对青春期前儿童肺功能发育的影响。我们考虑了随访期间的身高变化速度以及其他可能的混杂因素，例如儿童的基线人体测量和生理特征。除了室外空气污染之外，我们还考虑了社会阶层和接触室内污染物（例如燃气灶烟雾或环境烟草烟雾）的可能影响。这项队列前瞻性研究针对来自波兰克拉科夫两个环境空气污染物不同地区的 1,001 名青春期前儿童进行。市中心（污染较高地区）悬浮颗粒物年均浓度[+/-标准差（SD）]为52.6±53.98μg/m（3），SO2年均浓度[+/-标准差（SD）]为43.87±32.69μg/m（3）；对照区相应值为33.23±35.99μg/m(3)和31.77±21.93μg/m(3)。生活在污染较严重地区的男孩和女孩在研究开始时根据身高速度和肺功能水平调整后的平均肺功能增长率显着较低。此外，来自城市污染较严重地区的儿童肺功能发育较慢（SLFG）的比例较高。排除哮喘受试者和有哮喘样症状的儿童组后完成的分析证实，在男孩中，调整基线 FVC、身高和生长率后，SLFG [用力肺活量 (FVC)] 和空气污染的比值比 (OR) 显着 [OR = 2.15； 95% 置信区间 (CI), 1.25-3.69)]。分析还证实，SLFG(FEV1) 的 OR 为 1.90（CI，1.12-3.25）。女孩中相应的 OR 值不显着（OR = 1.50；CI，0.84-2.68 和 OR = 1.39；CI，0.78-2.44）。环境污染物与生活在污染较严重地区的儿童肺容量增长较差之间的关联表明，居住区的空气污染可能是导致青春期前肺功能发育迟缓的因果链的一部分。
The main purpose of our study was to assess the effect of low concentrations of ambient air pollution on lung function growth in preadolescent children. We accounted for height velocity over the follow-up period and also for other possible confounders such as baseline anthropometric and physiologic characteristics of children. In addition to outdoor air pollution, we considered the possible effects of social class and exposure to indoor pollutants such as gas stove fumes or environmental tobacco smoke. The cohort prospective study was carried out in 1,001 preadolescent children from two areas of Krakow, Poland, that differed in ambient air pollutants. In the city center (higher pollution area), the mean annual level [+/- standard deviation (SD)] of suspended particulate matter was 52.6 +/- 53.98 mu g/m(3) and that of SO2 was 43.87 +/- 32.69 mu g/m(3); the corresponding values in the control area were 33.23 +/- 35.99 mu g/m(3) and 31.77 +/- 21.93 mu g/m(3). Mean lung function growth rate adjusted to height velocity and lung function level at the study entry was significantly lower in boys and girls living in the more polluted areas. Also, the proportion of children with the slower lung function growth (SLFG) was higher in the children from the more polluted area of the city. The analysis completed in the group of children after the exclusion of asthmatic subjects and those with asthmalike symptoms confirmed that, in boys, odds ratios (ORs) for SLFG [forced vital capacity (FVC)] and air pollution after adjustment to baseline FVC, height, and growth rate was significant [OR = 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-3.69)]. The analysis also confirmed that for SLFG(FEV1) the OR was 1.90 (CI, 1.12-3.25). The corresponding OR values in girls were insignificant (OR = 1.50; CI, 0.84-2.68 and OR = 1.39; CI, 0.78-2.44). The association between ambient pollutants and poorer gain of pulmonary volumes in children living in more polluted areas suggests that air pollution in the residence area may be a part of the causal chain of reactions leading to retardation in pulmonary function growth during the preadolescent years.