Depth Perception from Image Defocus in a Jumping Spider
Depth Perception from Image Defocus in a Jumping Spider
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.1211667
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-27
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Terakita, Akihisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagata, Takashi;Koyanagi, Mitsumasa;Terakita, Akihisa
跳蜘蛛的主眼睛有一个独特的视网膜，它有四层感光层，每层上不同波长的光都被具有明显色差的晶状体聚焦。我们发现，尽管绿光只聚焦在最深层，但最深层和第二层的所有光感受器都含有一种对绿色敏感的视觉色素。这种不匹配表明，在光学理论中，第二最深层总是接收到包含景物深度信息的散焦图像。行为实验表明，蜘蛛的深度感知受到照明光波长的影响，这影响了色差导致的图像散焦程度。因此，我们提出了一种基于视网膜图像散焦程度的深度感知机制。
The principal eyes of jumping spiders have a unique retina with four tiered photoreceptor layers, on each of which light of different wavelengths is focused by a lens with appreciable chromatic aberration. We found that all photoreceptors in both the deepest and second-deepest layers contain a green-sensitive visual pigment, although green light is only focused on the deepest layer. This mismatch indicates that the second-deepest layer always receives defocused images, which contain depth information of the scene in optical theory. Behavioral experiments revealed that depth perception in the spider was affected by the wavelength of the illuminating light, which affects the amount of defocus in the images resulting from chromatic aberration. Therefore, we propose a depth perception mechanism based on how much the retinal image is defocused.