Social participation and mental health: moderating effects of gender, social role and rurality
Social participation and mental health: moderating effects of gender, social role and rurality
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-13-701
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发表时间：
2013-07-31
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Kawachi, Ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takagi, Daisuke;Kondo, Katsunori;Kawachi, Ichiro
背景：以往的研究表明，老年人的社会参与对他们的健康有积极的影响。然而，一些研究表明，社会参与对健康的影响因性别而异。我们试图研究社会参与对心理健康的影响是否对日本人口中的男性和女性有所不同。我们还研究了组织内的社会地位，以及城市/农村locality.Methods的调节影响：我们使用了两波爱知县老年学评价研究的纵向调查，其目标是65岁以上的居民（n = 2,728）在日本中部地区。2003年进行了第一波调查，2006年进行了第二波调查。研究参与者的抑郁症状使用简短版的老年抑郁量表（GDS-15）进行评估。采用多水平Logistic回归模型，以个人为水平1，学校为水平2。结果：高社会参与度和在组织中担任关键角色对女性抑郁症状有保护作用。然而，这些变量对男性的心理健康没有主要影响。我们发现，只有男性的社会参与，组织地位和农村居住之间的相互作用。也就是说，男性谁占据领导地位的组织报告更好的心理健康，但只有在农村地区。结论：我们的研究结果支持的概念，增加社会参与的机会，提高老年人的健康，特别是妇女。然而，在日本农村的背景下，在组织内为男性提供有意义的角色可能是重要的。
Background: Previous studies have reported that older people's social participation has positive effects on their health. However, some studies showed that the impacts of social participation on health differ by gender. We sought to examine whether the effects of social participation on mental health differ for men and women in a Japanese population. We also examined the moderating influence of social position within the organization as well as urban/rural locality.Methods: We used two waves of the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study's longitudinal survey, which targeted residents with aged 65 years or over (n = 2,728) in a central part of Japan. The first wave survey was conducted in 2003, and the second wave in 2006. Depressive symptoms of the study participants were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). A multilevel logistic regression model was used with individual-level as level 1 and the school district-level as level 2.Results: We found that higher social participation and performing key roles in the organization had protective effects on depressive symptoms for women. However, there were no main effects of these variables for the mental health of men. We found an interaction between social participation, organizational position, and rural residence among men only. That is, men who occupied leadership positions in organizations reported better mental health, but only in rural areas.Conclusions: Our findings support the notion that increasing the opportunities for social participation improves older people's heath, especially for women. However, in the rural Japanese context, offering men meaningful roles within organizations may be important.