Marine diversity through the Phanerozoic: problems and prospects
Marine diversity through the Phanerozoic: problems and prospects
复制标题
显生宙的海洋多样性：问题与前景
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
A. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Smith
化石记录提供了多样性如何随时间变化的直接证据，但不能只看表面价值。由于地理和地层采样工作的不均匀性、可用于采样的岩石记录的不平等以及不一致的分类实践，根据岩石记录中的类群计数构建的多样性曲线存在严重偏差。样本标准化消除了一些偏差，但并没有克服更普遍的不完整性问题。考虑潜在偏差的建模是一种较新的方法，但需要对岩石记录和一致的分类数据进行准确的估计。过去 100 Ma 中多样性的急剧上升是真实的还是反映了抽样偏差，仍存在不确定性。随着时间的推移，海洋多样性的反复上升和下降与沉积物的面积范围和对化石记录质量的独立估计密切相关，这意味着一个共同的驱动因素，即构造介导的海平面变化。然而，多样性的变化是否主要是生物起源的，还是反映了采样人工制品，仍然存在争议。有一种明显的可能性是，显生宙生物多样性的许多明显上升和下降，包括大多数“大规模灭绝”，部分或完全是由岩石记录偏差引起的。
The fossil record provides direct evidence of how diversity has changed over time, but cannot be taken at face value. Diversity curves constructed from counting taxa in the rock record are seriously biased by unevenness of geographical and stratigraphical sampling effort, inequality in the rock record available for sampling, and inconsistent taxonomic practice. Sample standardization removes some bias, but does not overcome more general incompleteness problems. Modelling that accounts for potential biases is a newer approach but needs accurate estimates of rock record and consistent taxonomic data. Uncertainty remains over whether the steep rise in diversity over the last 100 Ma is real or reflects sampling bias. The repeated rise and fall of marine diversity over time correlates closely with the areal extent of sedimentary deposits and independent estimates of the quality of the fossil record, implying a common driving factor, namely tectonically mediated sea-level change. However, whether changes in diversity are primarily biological in origin, or reflect sampling artefact, remains contentious. There is a distinct possibility that many of the apparent rises and falls in diversity over the Phanerozoic, including most of the ‘mass extinctions’, arise either partially or entirely from rock record bias.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Yang, ZH;Rannala, B
通讯作者：
Rannala, B