Record Low North American Monsoon Rainfall in 2020 Reignites Drought over the American Southwest
Record Low North American Monsoon Rainfall in 2020 Reignites Drought over the American Southwest
复制标题
DOI：
10.1175/bams-d-21-0129.1
复制
发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
A. Hoell;X. Quan;M. Hoerling;R. Fu;J. Mankin;I. Simpson;R. Seager;C. He;F. Lehner;Joel Lisonbee;B. Livneh;Amanda Sheffield
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Hoell;X. Quan;M. Hoerling;R. Fu;J. Mankin;I. Simpson;R. Seager;C. He;F. Lehner;Joel Lisonbee;B. Livneh;Amanda Sheffield
自 2000 年以来，旱灾一直困扰着美国西南部，导致 19 年平均土壤湿度估计为 1200 年来第二低（Williams 等人，2020 年），助长破坏性野火（Fu 等人，2021 年）并导致主要河流流量减少（Udall 和 Overpeck，2017 年；Hoerling 等人，2019 年）。 2020/21 年，在二十年累计干旱损失超过 1,314 亿美元的背景下，干旱加剧（NCEI 2021），并引发了对科罗拉多河流域潜在供水短缺的警报（美国垦务局 2021）。区域持续干旱的直接原因包括降水量少（Lehner 等人，2018 年）以及与气温升高相伴的蒸发需求增加（Crockett 和 Westerling，2018 年；Williams 等人，2020 年）。虽然有强有力的证据表明人为强迫变暖趋势（例如，USGCRP 2018），但最近的研究也指出人类对西南降水的潜在影响（Pascale 等人，2017 年；Hoerling 等人，2019 年；He 等人，2020 年）。 2020 年季风季节的降水赤字在亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州、科罗拉多州和犹他州（四个角州）尤其严重，对于重新造成区域干旱至关重要 Andrew Hoell、Xiao-Wei Quan、Martin Hoerling、Rong Fu、Justin Mankin、Isla Simpson、Richard Seager、Cenlin He、Flavio Lehner、Joel Lisonbee、Ben 利夫内，阿曼达·谢菲尔德
D rought has plagued the American Southwest since 2000, leading to the second lowest estimated 19-yr average soil moisture in approximately 1200 years (Williams et al. 2020), fueling destructive wildfires (Fu et al. 2021) and inducing low flows in major rivers (Udall and Overpeck 2017; Hoerling et al. 2019). In 2020/21, drought deepened against the backdrop of two decades of accumulated drought damages that exceed $131.4 billion (NCEI 2021) and caused alarm about potential water delivery shortages in the Colorado River basin (U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 2021). The proximate causes for persistent regional droughts include low precipitation (Lehner et al. 2018) and increased evaporative demand in concert with warming temperatures (Crockett and Westerling 2018; Williams et al. 2020). While there is strong evidence for anthropogenic forcing of the warming trend (e.g., USGCRP 2018), recent work has also pointed to a potential human effect on Southwest precipitation (Pascale et al. 2017; Hoerling et al. 2019; He et al. 2020). Precipitation deficits during the 2020 monsoon season were especially severe over Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah (the Four Corners states) and were crucial in re-establishing the regional drought Andrew Hoell, Xiao-Wei Quan, Martin Hoerling, Rong Fu, Justin Mankin, Isla Simpson, Richard Seager, Cenlin He, Flavio Lehner, Joel Lisonbee, Ben Livneh, Amanda Sheffield