Hierarchical structuring of genetic variation at differing geographic scales in the cultivated sugar kelp Saccharina latissima.
Hierarchical structuring of genetic variation at differing geographic scales in the cultivated sugar kelp Saccharina latissima.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.029
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发表时间：
2018-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
K. Mooney;Gemma E. Beatty;Björn Elsässer;Emily S Follis;L. Kregting;Nessa E. O’Connor;Gillian E. Riddell-Gillian
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Mooney;Gemma E. Beatty;Björn Elsässer;Emily S Follis;L. Kregting;Nessa E. O’Connor;Gillian E. Riddell-Gillian
近年来，用于生物燃料、食品和肥料的大型藻类的种植急剧增加。对这种藻类衍生产品的需求意味着在沿海沃茨中的大规模养殖将成为提供足够的藻类生物质的必要。作为建立新的大型藻类养殖场过程的一部分，需要考虑到栽培标本和自然种群之间的基因流动潜力。因此，在本研究中，我们使用了一个组合的人口遗传和流体动力学建模方法来确定潜在的水平和模式的基因流在海带。对爱尔兰海北方14个种群的微卫星分析表明，有4个不同的遗传簇。这些是一致的粒子跟踪模型所示的分散模式，并显示了隔离的距离和遗传结构，由于当地的水动力条件相结合。在较小的尺度（小于几十公里），基因流似乎是相当广泛的，由于当地的电流与当地人口的连接的证据。然而，在更大的尺度上，淡水流出和开放水域等因素似乎是基因流动的障碍。总之，这些模式表明，除了简单的地理距离和邻近的因素需要考虑到规划选址的海带养殖场，以尽量减少基因流和自然种群。
The cultivation of macroalgae for biofuels, food and fertilisers has increased dramatically in recent years. The demand for such algal-derived products means that large scale cultivation in coastal waters will become necessary to provide sufficient algal biomass. As part of the process of establishing new macroalgal farms, the potential for gene flow between cultivated specimens and natural populations needs to be taken into consideration. Consequently, in the present study we have used a combined population genetic and hydrodynamic modelling approach to determine potential levels and patterns of gene flow in the kelpSaccharina latissima. Microsatellite analysis of 14 populations sampled across the northern part of the Irish Sea indicated four distinct genetic clusters. These were consistent with dispersal patterns indicated by the particle tracking model and show a combination of isolation by distance and genetic structuring due to local hydrodynamic conditions. At smaller scales (less than a few 10s of km), gene flow appears to be fairly extensive, with evidence of local population connectivity due to local currents. At larger scales, however, factors such as freshwater efflux and open water would appear to represent barriers to gene flow. Together, these patterns suggest that factors other than simple geographical distance and proximity need to be taken into account when planning the siting of kelp farms with the aim of minimizing gene flow to and from natural populations.