Factors associated with development of speech production skills in children implanted by age five
Factors associated with development of speech production skills in children implanted by age five
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/01.aud.0000051688.48224.a6
复制
发表时间：
2003-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gabbert, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tobey, EA;Geers, AE;Gabbert, G
客观的。本研究调查了具有 4 至 6 年多通道人工耳蜗植入经验的儿童的言语产生结果以及影响结果的因素。检查的生产变量包括言语清晰度、辅音和元音发音的准确性、产生的爆破音和摩擦音的百分比、句子的持续时间、交流样本期间交流中断的时间百分比以及对言语使用问卷的回答。 设计：181 名年龄在 8 至 9 岁之间、在 5 岁之前接受多通道人工耳蜗植入的儿童作为受试者参与。自变量是教育干预的数量和类型，干预变量分布在儿童、家庭和种植体特征中。多元回归分析提供了由干预变量和自变量解释的与言语表达技能相关的方差量的测量。结果：该组儿童在言语清晰度测量中的关键词表现平均为 63.5%。该组中辅音 (68.0%) 的音素生成准确性高于元音 (61.6%)。声学分析中出现的爆破音 (91.6%) 多于摩擦音 (78.4%)。语音清晰度句子的平均持续时间为 2572.3 毫秒。在语言样本中，平均 14.5% 的时间发生沟通故障。高水平口头交流技能的重要预测因素包括更高的非语言智力、性别、更长时间地使用 SPEAK 处理策略、完全有源电极阵列、更大的动态范围和更大的响度增长。促进高水平口语交流的主要康复因素是强调口耳交流以及强调对言语和听力的依赖的课堂。结论：人工耳蜗植入儿童的言语表达表现受到非语言智力、性别、植入特征（包括使用最新言语处理策略的时间长度）以及强调口耳交流的教育计划的影响。以前被认为是言语产生表现的主要影响因素，例如耳聋发病年龄和着床年龄，在预测言语产生表现水平方面似乎并没有发挥重要作用。
Objective. This study investigated speech production outcomes and the factors influencing the outcomes in children who had 4 to 6 yr of experience with a multichannel cochlear implant. Production variables examined included speech intelligibility, accuracy of consonant and vowel production, percentage of plosives and fricatives produced, duration of sentences, percentage of time involved in communication breakdowns during a communication sample, and responses to a speech usage questionnaire.Design: 181 children between the ages of 8 and 9 yr who received a multichannel cochlear implant before age 5 yr participated as subjects. Independent variables were the amount and type of educational intervention and intervening variables were distributed across child, family and implant characteristics. Multiple regression analyses provided a measure of the amount of variance associated with speech production skills accounted for by the intervening and independent variables.Results: Performance for the key words in the speech intelligibility measured averaged 63.5% for the group of children. Accuracy of phoneme production was higher for consonants (68.0%) than for vowels (61.6%) for the group. More plosives were present for acoustic analyses (91.6%) than were fricatives (78.4%). Duration for the speech intelligibility sentences averaged 2572.3 msec. Communication breakdowns occurred on average 14.5% of the time involved in a language sample. Significant predictors of high levels of oral communication skills included higher nonverbal intelligence, gender, longer use of SPEAK processing strategy, a fully active electrode array, greater dynamic range, and greater growth of loudness. The primary rehabilitative factors contributing to high levels of oral communication were an emphasis on oral-aural communication and classrooms that emphasized dependence on speech and listening.Conclusions: Speech production performance in children with cochlear implants is influenced by nonverbal intelligence, gender, implant characteristics including the length of time using the newest speech processing strategies, and educational programs emphasizing oral-aural communication. Factors previously thought to be major contributors to speech production performance, such as age of onset of deafness and age of implantation, did not appear to play significant roles in predicting levels of speech production performance.