Photosynthesis, Morphology, Yield, and Phytochemical Accumulation in Basil Plants Influenced by Substituting Green Light for Partial Red and/or Blue Light
Photosynthesis, Morphology, Yield, and Phytochemical Accumulation in Basil Plants Influenced by Substituting Green Light for Partial Red and/or Blue Light
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci14282-19
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Gu, Mengmeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dou, Haijie;Niu, Genhua;Gu, Mengmeng
绿色光由于其高透射率和反射率而穿透到植物冠层更深处，并且可能潜在地增加光拦截和整个冠层光合作用，而红光和蓝光主要被上部叶片吸收。此外，绿色光诱导植物的避荫反应和调节次生代谢。本研究以罗勒（Ocimum basilicum）“改良吉诺维斯紧凑型”（绿色）和“红鲁宾”（紫色）为材料，研究了用绿色光替代部分红光和/或蓝光对植物生长发育的影响。有四种治疗方法：一种组合的红和蓝（R&B）光处理，R76 B24 [红（R）和蓝（B）光的比例分别为76%和24%];以及三种绿（G）光处理-R44 B24 G（32）、R（74）B（16）G（10）和R（42）B（13）G（45）-其中绿色光比例分别为32%、10%和45%。实验在生长室中进行，所有处理的光合光子通量密度（PPFD）设定为220 μ mol·m（-2）·s（-1），光周期为16小时。根据需要使用电导率（EC）为2.0 dS.m（-1）且pH为6.0的营养液对植物进行地下灌溉。绿色光处理对绿色罗勒植株下部叶片的净光合速率（Pn）没有影响，而R（44）B（24）G（32）和R（74）B（16）G（10）处理下，罗勒植株下部叶片的净光合速率（Pn）分别比R + B光处理提高了59%和45%。在绿色罗勒植株中，R（44）B（24）G（32）和R（42）B（13）G（45）处理诱导茎伸长，但绿色光处理对叶柄伸长、叶片展开、叶片厚度或植株产量没有影响。在紫罗勒植株中，R（44）B（24）G（32）和R（42）B（13）G（45）处理诱导茎伸长，降低叶片厚度和植株产量，但只有R（42）B（13）G（45）处理诱导叶柄伸长，而绿色光处理对叶片展开没有影响。绿色罗勒叶片中的花青素、酚类物质和类黄酮的浓度以及抗氧化能力在处理R（76）B24和R（44）B（24）G（32）之间没有差异，但在处理R（74）B（16）G（10）和R（42）B（13）G（45）下降低。处理R（44）B（24）G（32）和R（42）B（13）G（45）降低了紫罗勒叶片的酚类物质和类黄酮含量以及抗氧化能力。结合植物产量、营养价值和种植者的工作环境，推荐白色光和低绿色光比例（约10%）用于在受控环境中的罗勒生产。
Green light penetrates deeper into the plant canopy because of its high transmittance and reflectance, and may potentially increase light interception and whole-canopy photosynthesis, whereas red and blue light is absorbed primarily by upper leaves. Moreover, green light induces shade avoidance responses and regulates secondary metabolism in plants. In this study, we investigated the effects of substituting partial red and/or blue light with green light on plant growth and development in basil (Ocimum basilicum) 'Improved Genovese Compact' (green) and 'Red Rubin' (purple) plants. There were four treatments: one combined red and blue (R&B) light treatment, R76B24 [the proportion of red (R) and blue (B) light was 76% and 24%, respectively]; and three green (G) light treatments-R44B24 G(32), R(74)B(16)G(10), and R(42)B(13)G(45)-with green light proportions of 32%, 10%, and 45%, respectively. The experiment was conducted in a growth room and the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of all treatments was set at 220 mu mol.m(-2).s(-1) with a 16-h photoperiod. Plants were subirrigated as needed using a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 2.0 dS.m(-1) and a pH of 6.0. The net photosynthetic rate (P-n) in lower leaves was unaffected by green light treatments in green basil plants, whereas in purple basil plants it increased by 59% and 45% under treatments R(44)B(24)G(32) and R(74)B(16)G(10), respectively, compared with the combined R&B light. In green basil plants, treatments R(44)B(24)G(32) and R(42)B(13)G(45) induced stem elongation, but green light treatments showed no effects on petiole elongation, leaf expansion, leaf thickness, or plant yield. In purple basil plants, treatments R(44)B(24)G(32) and R(42)B(13)G(45) induced stem elongation and decreased leaf thickness and plant yield, but only the R(42)B(13)G(45) treatment induced petiole elongation, and green light treatments showed no effects on leaf expansion. Concentrations of anthocyanin, phenolics, and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity in green basil leaves showed no differences between treatments R76B24 and R(44)B(24)G(32), but decreased under treatments R(74)B(16)G(10) and R(42)B(13)G(45). Concentrations of phenolics and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity in purple basil leaves showed no differences between treatments R76B24 and R(74)B(16)G(10), but decreased under treatments R(44)B(24)G(32) and R(42)B(13)G(45). Combining plant yield, nutritional values, and the working environment for growers, a white light with low green light proportion (approximate to 10%) is recommended for basil production in a controlled environment.