Consider the workhorse: Nonhomologous end-joining in budding yeast.
Consider the workhorse: Nonhomologous end-joining in budding yeast.
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DOI：
10.1139/bcb-2016-0001
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bertuch AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emerson CH;Bertuch AA
DNA双链断裂（DSBs）是基因组不稳定的危险来源，必须由细胞修复。非同源末端连接（non - homologous end joining， NHEJ）是一种进化保守的修复dsb的途径，通过直接连接末端，不需要同源模板。虽然NHEJ是哺乳动物细胞中主要的DSB修复途径，但核心NHEJ因子在真核生物中的保守性使得该途径对模式生物的研究具有吸引力。芽殖酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）已被广泛用于研究NHEJ的功能图谱。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论目前对葡萄球菌NHEJ的理解。主题包括规范末端连接，替代末端连接和途径调节。我们将特别关注涉及核心因子的NHEJ机制，包括Yku70/80、dn14、Lif1和Nej1，以及涉及断端加工的各种因素。染色质动力学与NHEJ的相关性也将被讨论。本文综述了利用酿酒葡萄球菌作为一个强大的系统来理解NHEJ的原理，并在开拓该领域的方向。
DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are dangerous sources of genome instability and must be repaired by the cell. Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway to repair DSBs by direct ligation of the ends, with no requirement for a homologous template. While NHEJ is the primary DSB repair pathway in mammalian cells, conservation of the core NHEJ factors throughout eukaryotes make the pathway attractive for study in model organisms. The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been used extensively to develop a functional picture of NHEJ. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of NHEJ in S. cerevisiae. Topics include canonical end-joining, alternative end-joining, and pathway regulation. Particular attention will be paid to the NHEJ mechanism involving core factors, including Yku70/80, Dnl4, Lif1, and Nej1, as well as the various factors implicated in the processing of the broken ends. The relevance of chromatin dynamics to NHEJ will also be discussed. This review illustrates the use of S. cerevisiae as a powerful system to understand the principles of NHEJ, as well as in pioneering the direction of the field.