EFFECTS OF PRENATAL PCB EXPOSURE ON COGNITIVE PROCESSING EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINED ATTENTION
EFFECTS OF PRENATAL PCB EXPOSURE ON COGNITIVE PROCESSING EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINED ATTENTION
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.28.2.297
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发表时间：
1992-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
BILLINGS, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JACOBSON, JL;JACOBSON, SW;BILLINGS, RL
四岁的儿童出生前暴露于多氯联苯（PCB），一种环境毒素，进行了评估三个任务，两个旨在评估认知处理效率和一个评估持续的注意力。与标准化智商测试相比，这些任务在识别认知缺陷方面提供了更大的特异性。在本研究中，这些范式适用于4岁儿童，表现出中等水平的重测信度。出生前暴露于多氯联苯与低效率的视觉辨别处理和更多的错误，在短期记忆扫描，但没有持续的注意力。尽管这些污染物在出生后通过母乳喂养转移的数量要比出生前通过胎盘转移的数量多得多，但出生后暴露与认知能力无关。这些数据将宫内PCB暴露与学习基本认知功能的两个方面联系起来。
Four-year-old children exposed prenatally to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), an environmental toxin, were assessed on three tasks-two designed to evaluate cognitive processing efficiency and one to evaluate sustained attention. When compared with standardized IQ tests, these tasks provided greater specificity in identifying cognitive deficits. Adapted for 4-year-old children in the present study, these paradigms demonstrated moderate levels of test-retest reliability. Prenatal exposure to PCBs was associated with less efficient visual discrimination processing and more errors in short-term memory scanning but not with sustained attention. Although much larger quantities of these contaminants are transferred postnatally via breastfeeding than prenatally across the placenta, postnatal exposure was unrelated to cognitive performance. The data link intrauterine PCB exposure to two dimensions of cognitive functioning fundamental to learning.