Paternal gene pool of Malays in Southeast Asia and its applications for the early expansion of Austronesians
Paternal gene pool of Malays in Southeast Asia and its applications for the early expansion of Austronesians
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东南亚马来人父系基因库及其在南岛人早期扩张中的应用
DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.23486
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Li Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun Jin;Wei Lan-Hai;Wang Ling-Xiang;Huang Yun-Zhi;Yan Shi;Cheng Hui-Zhen;Ong Rick Twee-Hee;Saw Woei-Yuh;Fan Zhi-Quan;Deng Xiao-Hua;Lu Yan;Zhang Chao;Xu Shu-Hua;Jin Li;Teo Yik-Ying;Li Hui
长期以来，语言学家、考古学家和遗传学家一直对南岛人及其语言的起源和分化感兴趣。然而，南岛人的形成过程，以及他们何时从他们的近亲，如亚洲大陆的Daic和Austro - Asiatic人口中分离出来，仍然不清楚。本研究探讨了东南亚马来人的父系起源和南岛人的早期分化。材料和方法我们生成了50个马来人的全Y染色体序列，并对来自其他南岛人和相关人群的200个序列进行了分析。我们用时间估计生成了一个修正的系统发育树。结果在研究的马来人样本中，我们确定了六个创始父系。这些始祖谱系在5000到6000年前惊人地一致显示了扩张时代。我们也在来自亚洲大陆的人群中发现了许多马来人的创始血统，大多数是密切相关的样本。结论我们的分析为南岛人的显性父系谱系提供了一个精细的系统发育解析。我们认为，众多创始父系的共同扩张与现代南岛人最近共同祖先的初始分化相对应。从父系Y染色体证据的角度来看，分裂时间和分化模式与先前的民族学家、语言学家和考古学家的理论高度一致。
ObjectivesThe origin and differentiation of Austronesian populations and their languages have long fascinated linguists, archeologists, and geneticists. However, the founding process of Austronesians and when they separated from their close relatives, such as the Daic and Austro‐Asiatic populations in the mainland of Asia, remain unclear. In this study, we explored the paternal origin of Malays in Southeast Asia and the early differentiation of Austronesians.Materials and MethodsWe generated whole Y‐chromosome sequences of 50 Malays and co‐analyzed 200 sequences from other Austronesians and related populations. We generated a revised phylogenetic tree with time estimation.ResultsWe identified six founding paternal lineages among the studied Malays samples. These founding lineages showed a surprisingly coincident expansion age at 5000 to 6000 years ago. We also found numerous mostly close related samples of the founding lineages of Malays among populations from Mainland of Asia.ConclusionOur analyses provided a refined phylogenetic resolution for the dominant paternal lineages of Austronesians found by previous studies. We suggested that the co‐expansion of numerous founding paternal lineages corresponds to the initial differentiation of the most recent common ancestor of modern Austronesians. The splitting time and divergence pattern in perspective of paternal Y‐chromosome evidence are highly consistent with the previous theories of ethnologists, linguists, and archeologists.