Chemokines and innate immunity.
Chemokines and innate immunity.
复制标题
趋化因子和先天免疫。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Kunkel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akihiro Matsukawa;C. Hogaboam;N. Lukacs;S. Kunkel
我们的环境中含有各种各样的传染性微生物，这些微生物可能具有潜在的破坏性并威胁到我们的生存。一旦微生物试图建立一个感染点，宿主就会启动一个复杂的防御系统。先天免疫是一种非特异性反应，并作为第一道防线，其中吞噬细胞，如中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞，和NK细胞在中和和清除微生物中发挥核心作用。因此，细胞迁移到感染灶和随后激活这些细胞似乎是一个关键步骤，使宿主能够实现有效和高效地去除微生物。在过去的十年中，趋化因子已被确定为在体外吸引和激活特定类型的白细胞群体的趋化性细胞因子。现在有证据表明，感染性疾病中趋化因子表达的程度与炎症反应的严重程度密切相关。用中和抗体或基因靶向技术阻断趋化因子或其受体使我们能够理解趋化因子在感染性疾病动物模型中的病理意义。越来越多的证据表明，趋化因子在免疫系统发育、稳态和先天免疫中发挥重要的有益作用，这可能为治疗感染性疾病的新治疗策略铺平道路。
Our environment contains a great variety of infectious microbes that may be potentially destructive and threaten our survival. As soon as microbes try to establish a site of infection, the host launches a complex defense system. Innate immunity is a non-specific response and serves as the first-line of defense where phagocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, and NK cells play central roles in neutralizing and clearing microorganisms. Thus, migration of cells into infectious foci and subsequent activation of these cells appear to be a critical step, enabling the host to achieve effective and efficient removal of microbes. Over the past decade, chemokines have been identified as chemotactic cytokines that attract and activate specific types of leukocyte populations in vitro. There is now evidence that the magnitude of chemokines' expression in infectious diseases is strongly associated with the severity of the inflammatory responses. Blocking chemokines or their receptors with neutralizing antibodies or gene targeting technology has allowed us to understand the pathological significance of chemokines in animal models of infectious diseases. Growing evidence suggests that chemokines play an important beneficial role in immune system development, homeostasis and in innate immunity, which may pave the way for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of infectious diseases.