Conserving plant diversity in Europe: outcomes, criticisms and perspectives of the Habitats Directive application in Italy
Conserving plant diversity in Europe: outcomes, criticisms and perspectives of the Habitats Directive application in Italy
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-016-1244-1
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Ercole, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fenu, G.;Bacchetta, G.;Ercole, S.
《生境指令》是欧洲自然保护的核心战略，旨在阻止生物多样性的丧失。在这项研究中，第三次意大利评估的结果有关的保护状况（CS）中列出的植物生境指令（植物群的社区利益-FCI）。数据是从与植物分布、种群数据、生境和压力有关的几个来源收集的。按照欧洲的官方程序，所有参数进行了评估和合并，以给出每个分类群在每个地理区域存在的CS。为了评价这两个评估之间的一致性，对最近意大利自然保护联盟和报告评估进行了比较。欧盟官方清单包括113种意大利植物分类群，其中107种在本研究中进行了检查。我们的研究结果显示，只有34%的CS是有利的，而50%是不利的（40%不充分加上10%不好），16%是未知的，特别是在地中海生物区，不利的评估达到65%。该报告的结果与IUCN的评估结果一致，其中41.9%的植物受到灭绝的威胁。这份报告强调了国家一级的一些好处和批评，但它可能具有更广泛的意义。虽然知识的普遍进步，但要实现《反洗钱指令》的目标还需要付出巨大的努力。尽管资源有限，但仍需改进监测活动，以弥补若干工厂的信息差距。一个积极的成果是制定了一个由意大利环境部资助的具体国家项目，其雄心勃勃的目标是为国际家庭护理组织确定未来的监测活动并优化监测工作。
Habitat Directive is the core strategy of nature conservation in Europe aiming at halting biodiversity loss. In this study the results of the third Italian assessment regarding the conservation status (CS) of plants listed in the Habitat Directive (Flora of community interest-FCI) was presented. Data was collected from several sources related to plant distribution, population data, habitats and pressures. Following the official European procedure, all parameters were evaluated and combined to give the CS of each taxon in each biogeographical region of presence. A comparison between the recent Italian IUCN and Reporting assessments was performed in order to evaluate the consistency between these two assessments. The official EU checklist comprises 113 Italian plant taxa, 107 of which were examined in this study. Our results showed a critical situation with only 34% of favourable CS, while 50% were unfavourable (40% inadequate plus 10% bad) and 16% unknown, in particular in the Mediterranean bioregion, where the unfavourable assessments reach the 65%. The results of the Report were consistent with those of the IUCN assessment, in which 41.9% of plants were threatened with extinction. This report highlighted some benefits and criticisms at national level, but it may have a wider significance. Although a general advance of knowledge, a great effort is needed to reach the Habitats Directive goals. Despite the limited resources, monitoring activities needs to be improved in order to close information gaps for several plants. A positive outcome was the development of a specific national project funded by the Italian Ministry of Environment, with the ambitious target to set future monitoring activities for FCI and optimize monitoring efforts.