Are rubber-based agroforestry systems effective in controlling rain splash erosion?
Are rubber-based agroforestry systems effective in controlling rain splash erosion?
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橡胶农林系统能否有效控制雨水飞溅侵蚀？
DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2016.06.034
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Chen, Chunfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Wenjie;Zhu, Chunjing;Chen, Chunfeng
为了评估不同类型的橡胶农林业系统对土壤侵蚀过程的影响，在露天环境和不同植被类型下使用填沙的图宾根防溅杯测量了降雨和穿透侵蚀力（飞溅侵蚀潜力）。我们的研究结果表明，橡胶单作系统的飞溅侵蚀潜力平均是开放环境的3.12倍，农林复合系统的飞溅侵蚀潜力高于开放环境（1.22至2.18倍），橡胶和茶叶系统除外（开放环境的0.87倍）。然而，除了一个系统（橡胶和柑橘系统）外，与单一栽培相比，在多个树冠下的飞溅侵蚀显着减少，特别是橡胶和茶叶系统（单一栽培的027倍），其亚冠层封闭度高，亚冠层高度低。森林下的侵蚀潜力与森林结构密切相关，特别是高度和冠层覆盖度。这些结果表明，低冠层高度和高子冠层覆盖率是飞溅侵蚀量的主要控制因素，无论上面的冠层如何增加飞溅潜力。这些结果凸显了选择低近地表间作作物来构建橡胶基农林复合系统的重要性。这也凸显了橡胶种植园中完整的枯落物层对于保护土壤免受飞溅侵蚀的重要性。例如，与开放环境相比，采胶活动、除草剂的使用和施肥过程中枯落物层的清除等对这些森林的干扰也将导致森林内部的实际飞溅侵蚀率更高。 (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
In order to evaluate the influence of different types of rubber-based agroforestry systems on soil erosion processes, rainfall and throughfall erosivity (splash erosion potential) were measured in an open field environment and under different vegetation types using sand-filled Tubingen splash cups. Our results indicate that the splash erosion potential under rubber monoculture was, on average, 3.12 times greater than those in-the open environment Splash erosion potential under agroforestry systems was higher than that of an open environment (ranging from 1.22 to 2.18 times greater), except for the rubber and tea system (0.87 times the open environment). However, in all but one system (the rubber and orange system), there was a significant reduction in splash erosion beneath multiple canopies compared to monoculture, especially for the rubber and tea system (027 times the monoculture) where it had high sub-canopy closure and low sub-canopy height The erosion potential under the forest is closely related to the forest structure, especially height and canopy cover. These results indicate that low canopy height with high sub-canopy coverage is the major control on the amount of splash erosion, regardless of how the splash potential is increased by the canopy above. These results highlight the importance of selecting low near-surface intercrops for constructing rubber-based agroforestry systems. This also accentuates the importance of an intact litter layer in rubber plantations to protect the soil against splash erosion. Disturbance of these forests by latex tapping activities, herbicide application and removal of the litter layer during fertilization, for example, will also lead to higher actual splash erosion rates inside the forests in comparison with the open environment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.