Morphological characteristics of cartilage-bone transitional structures in the human knee joint and CAD design of an osteochondral scaffold.
Morphological characteristics of cartilage-bone transitional structures in the human knee joint and CAD design of an osteochondral scaffold.
复制标题
人膝关节软骨-骨过渡结构的形态特征及骨软骨支架的CAD设计
DOI：
10.1186/s12938-016-0200-3
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发表时间：
2016-07-14
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Qiu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bian W;Lian Q;Li D;Wang J;Zhang W;Jin Z;Qiu Y
背景目前对软骨-骨界面的形态学特征缺乏了解。目前用于组织工程的材料不能充分支持骨和软骨组织的再生。本研究旨在探讨人类膝关节软骨-骨过渡结构的形态学特征，并设计一种仿生骨软骨支架的基础上的形态学data.MethodsHistology，微型计算机断层扫描（micro-CT），扫描电子显微镜（SEM），研究软骨-骨过渡结构的微观结构。获得了其形态特征及其分布，并归纳为仿生设计。设计了仿生骨软骨支架的三维模型。由此产生的subchonelybone支架的原型构建立体光刻使用resin.ResultsMicro-CT显示，subchonelybone提出了一个逐渐变化的结构从subchonelybone海绵骨组织。软骨下骨板更致密，孔隙率约为20%，而松质骨的孔隙率约为60%。组织学和扫描电镜显示，软骨通过胶原纤维产生的连接、嵌入、互锁和结合力稳定在软骨下骨板上。结论软骨下骨板并非软骨与骨腔之间的完整骨板，存在散在的骨缺损，存在血管侵犯和营养供应。这一特性被用来设计骨软骨支架。这可用于构建类似于天然骨骼的骨软骨复合体。
BackgroundThere is a lack of understanding of the morphological characteristics of the cartilage-bone interface. Materials that are currently being used in tissue engineering do not adequately support the regeneration of bone and cartilage tissues. The present study aimed to explore the morphological characteristics of cartilage-bone transitional structures in the human knee joint and to design a biomimetic osteochondral scaffold based on morphological data.MethodsHistology, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the microstructure of the cartilage-bone transitional structures. Morphological characteristics and their distribution were obtained and summarized into a biomimetic design. A three-dimensional model of a biomimetic osteochondral scaffold was CAD designed. A prototype of the resulting subchondral bone scaffold was constructed by stereolithography using resin.ResultsMicro-CT revealed that subchondral bone presented a gradually changing structure from the subchondral to spongy bone tissue. The subchondral bone plate was more compact with ~20 % porosity compared with ~60 % porosity for the spongy bone. Histology and SEM showed that cartilage was stabilized on the subchondral bone plate by conjunctions, imbedding, interlocking, and binding forces generated by collagen fibers. Some scattered defects allow blood vessel invasion and nutritional supply.ConclusionsThe subchondral bone plate is not an intact plate between the cartilage and bone cavity, and some scattered defects exist that allow blood vessel invasion and nutritional supply. This characteristic was used to design an osteochondral scaffold. This could be used to construct an osteochondral complex that is similar to native bones.