CHEMOTAXIS AND CHEMOKINESIS OF HUMAN SPERMATOZOA TO FOLLICULAR FACTORS
CHEMOTAXIS AND CHEMOKINESIS OF HUMAN SPERMATOZOA TO FOLLICULAR FACTORS
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DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod50.4.774
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发表时间：
1994-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
EISENBACH, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RALT, D;MANOR, M;EISENBACH, M
人类精子在体外积累在从卵泡中获得的稀释卵泡液中，卵子已从卵泡中受精。通过在各种实验条件下（卵泡液梯度上升或下降，或根本没有梯度）的毛细管分析和可以跟踪单个精子的显微镜分析，我们发现卵泡液中的精子积聚是精子趋化和趋化作用的结果，最终是过度激活样运动的结果。这涉及到精子的预孵育（可能是为了诱导精子获能）和卵泡液的适当稀释。在所有的分析中，不积累都很低，可能反映了在任何给定时间只有一小部分精子群体的趋化反应。我们在Centricon微浓缩器（Amicon, Danvers， MA）和丙酮沉淀中对卵泡液进行了部分分选，发现至少有一个趋化因子是一个小的（< 10-kDa）分子，可能是非疏水的。这是第一次确定哺乳动物卵泡因子对精子趋化和趋化作用的反应，并将其与其他可能导致精子积累的过程区分开来。讨论了这些发现的生理意义。
Human spermatozoa accumulate in vitro in diluted follicular fluids obtained from follicles from which the eggs have been fertilized. Using capillary assays under a variety of experimental conditions (ascending or descending gradients of follicular fluid, or no gradient at all) and microscopic assays in which individual spermatozoa could be followed, we found that the sperm accumulation in follicular fluid was the result of both sperm chemotaxis and chemokinesis and eventually hyperactivation-like motility, We determined the optimal conditions for sperm accumulation, which involved sperm preincubation (possibly to induce sperm capacitation) and proper dilution of follicular fluid. In all the assays, the not accumulation was low, probably reflecting the chemotactic responsiveness of only a small fraction of the sperm population at any given time. We partially fractionated follicular fluid in a Centricon microconcentrator (Amicon, Danvers, MA) and by acetone precipitation, and found that at least one of the chemotactic factors is a small (< 10-kDa) molecule that is probably nonhydrophobic. This is the first time that sperm chemotaxis and chemokinesis in response to a follicular factor(s) in mammals has been established and has been distinguished from other processes that might cause sperm accumulation. The physiological significance of these findings is discussed.