Configuration spaces of equal spheres touching a given sphere: The twelve spheres problem

Configuration spaces of equal spheres touching a given sphere: The twelve spheres problem
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接触给定球体的等球体的配置空间:十二球体问题

DOI:
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发表时间:
2016
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通讯作者:
S. Shlosman
S. Shlosman
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
R. Kusner;Woden Kusner;J. Lagarias;S. Shlosman

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12个球的问题是理解,作为\(r \in(0,r_{max}(12)]\)的函数,12个半径为r的不重叠的相等球接触中心单位球的位形空间。它考虑到在什么程度上,以什么方式,接触领域可以改变,受约束的始终接触中心领域。这类约束运动问题是物理学和材料科学中的一个重要问题,涉及到拓扑学和几何学。本文回顾了这一问题的研究历史,提出了一些新的结果,并给出了一些公式。给出了N个半径为r的球与一个中心单位球相交的位形空间的一般结果,重点是\(3 \le N \le 14\).确定最大半径\(r_{max}(N)\)的问题是Tammes问题的一个版本,Laszlo Fejes Toth对此做出了重大贡献。
The problem of twelve spheres is to understand, as a function of \(r \in (0,r_{max}(12)]\), the configuration space of 12 non-overlapping equal spheres of radius r touching a central unit sphere. It considers to what extent, and in what fashion, touching spheres can be varied, subject to the constraint of always touching the central sphere. Such constrained motion problems are of interest in physics and materials science, and the problem involves topology and geometry. This paper reviews the history of work on this problem, presents some new results, and formulates some conjectures. It also presents general results on configuration spaces of N spheres of radius r touching a central unit sphere, with emphasis on \(3 \le N \le 14\). The problem of determining the maximal radius \(r_{max}(N)\) is a version of the Tammes problem, to which Laszlo Fejes Toth made significant contributions.