Social Movements and the State: Thoughts on the Policing of Protest
Social Movements and the State: Thoughts on the Policing of Protest
复制标题
社会运动与国家：对抗议治安的思考
DOI：
10.1017/cbo9780511803987.005
复制
发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
D. Porta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Porta
社会运动与国家之间的关系是理解集体行动的一个关键主题。长期被忽视，它获得了一个新的相关性与发展的“政治过程”的方法，以社会运动（蒂利1978年;麦克亚当1982年）。在这一方法中，“政治机会结构”（POS）是我们处理抗议的外部政治条件时最具包容性的概念。在本章中，我在提到二战后意大利和德国的联邦共和国社会运动的政治机会时，把抗议警务作为一个单一的变量来关注。我认为抗议警务是社会运动政治机会的一个重要晴雨表，并建议它对行动剧目有重要影响。在审视警务风格和抗议行动形式的演变时，我强调了制定流程的重要性。笔者探讨了研究抗议警务的优势，并对意大利和德国抗议警务的演变进行了相关的总结，比较了两国警务风格的历史演变。在此描述之后，我开发了一个模型的原因和后果的研究，抗议警务，并提出了一些假设的政治机会和约束抗议警务，看更稳定的政治机会，更不稳定的配置的权力，警察的喜好，以及潜在的影响警务策略。
The relation between social movements and the state is a crucial theme for the understanding of collective action. Long neglected, it acquired a new relevance with the development of the“political process” approach to social movements (Tilly 1978; McAdam 1982). Within this approach, the“political opportunity structure” (POS) (Eisinger 1973; McAdam 1982; Tarrow 1983) is the most inclusive concept we have for dealing with the external, political conditions for protest. In this chapter, while referring to political opportunities for social movements in Italy and the Federal Republic of Germany after World War II, I focus on protest policing as one single variable. I consider protest policing an important barometer of the political opportunities available for social movements, and suggest it has an important effect on action repertoires. Looking at the evolution of policing styles and protest forms of action, I stress the importance of framing processes. I discuss some advantages of a research on protest policing and summarize the relevant information on the evolution of protest policing in Italy and Germany, comparing the historical evolution of policing styles in the two countries. After this description, I develop a model for the study of causes and consequences of protest policing, and propose some hypotheses on the political opportunities and constraints on protest policing, looking at the more stable political opportunities, the more volatile configuration of power, and police preferences, as well as the potential effects of policing strategies.