Climate, Water, and Livelihood Skills: A Post-Development Reading of the SDGs
Climate, Water, and Livelihood Skills: A Post-Development Reading of the SDGs
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气候、水和生计技能：可持续发展目标的后发展解读
DOI：
10.1080/14747731.2016.1173375
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
A. Salleh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Salleh
2015年9月下旬，联合国和各国首脑发起了17个可持续发展目标（SDG）和169个具体目标，被描述为未来15年内实现“人类、地球和繁荣”的普遍行动计划。可持续发展目标背后的意图是保护地球免受包括气候变化在内的进一步退化，并为可持续生产管理自然资源，以支持当代和后代的需求。毫无疑问，世界的状况是可怕的。联合国可持续发展知识平台《改变我们的世界》列举了权力、财富和机会的差距;性别和青年歧视;军事冲突、恐怖主义、健康威胁和难民;资源枯竭、荒漠化、水资源短缺和生物多样性丧失（2015年）。SDG的目标是到2030年消除贫困。根据《联合国宪章》和《世界人权宣言》，强调妇女、儿童、残疾人、移民和最不发达国家的平等和赋权。联合国可持续发展目标建立在早期的一系列千年发展目标的基础上。然而，这些都是不成功的，导致资深加勒比活动家佩吉Antrobus驳回首字母缩略词千年发展目标为'最分散注意力的噱头'（Antrobus，2009年，第164页）。可持续发展目标现在通过尝试整合“可持续发展的三大支柱-经济，社会和环境”来扩大千年发展目标。然而，这一声明已经揭示了损害联合国方案的倾向。“可持续发展”一词如今被广泛认为是一种矛盾修饰法。此外，传统智慧和学术学科错误地将经济与社会分开，或错误地将经济和社会与生态分开。这种筒仓思维对社会变革毫无帮助。生态女权主义者指出，筒仓思维源于古老的人类/自然二元论，这是欧洲中心主义文化统治的中心教条，现在在资本主义下遍布地球仪（Salleh，1997）。马克思主义的分析不像生态女性主义那样深入，但它确实将资本主义视为一种内在矛盾的生产体系。第一个矛盾表现为经济与社会的紧张关系（奥康纳，1998）。著名的
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets launched by the United Nations (UN) and heads of state in late September 2015, are described as a universal plan of action for ‘people, planet, and prosperity’ to take effect over the next 15 years. The intention behind the SDGs is to protect the Earth from further degradation including climate change and manage natural resources for sustainable production, in order to support the needs of present and future generations. There is no doubt that the state of the world is dire. The UN Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, Transforming our world, names disparities of power, wealth, and opportunity; gender and youth discrimination; military conflict, terrorism, health threats, and refugees; resource depletion, desertification, water scarcity, and biodiversity loss (2015). The SDGs aim to end poverty by 2030. In line with the UN Charter and Universal Declaration of Human Rights, equality and the empowerment of women, children, the disabled, migrants, and least developed nations are emphasised. The UN SDGs build on an earlier set of Millennium Development Goals. However, these were unsuccessful, leading veteran Caribbean activist Peggy Antrobus to dismiss the acronym MDG as ‘Most Distracting Gimmick’ (Antrobus, 2009, p. 164). The SDGs now broaden the MDGs by attempting to integrate ‘the three pillars of sustainable development—economic, social, and environment’. Yet already, this statement reveals tendencies that compromise the UN programme. The term ‘sustainable development’ is widely considered an oxymoron these days. Moreover, conventional wisdom and academic disciplines falsely treat the economy as separate from society, or falsely treat the economy and society as separate from ecology. This silo thinking is unhelpful to social change. Ecological feminists point out that silo thinking stems from the old humanity/nature dualism, central dogma of the eurocentric cultural domination that now spreads across the globe under capitalism (Salleh, 1997). The Marxist analysis does not reach as deeply as ecofeminism, but it does see capitalism as an inherently contradictory system of production. The first contradiction shows up in the tension between economy and society (O’Connor, 1998). Thus, the famous