Gender Differences in the Determinants of Distress, Alcohol Misuse, and Related Psychiatric Disorders
Gender Differences in the Determinants of Distress, Alcohol Misuse, and Related Psychiatric Disorders
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DOI：
10.1177/2156869312474828
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Elliott, Marta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elliott, Marta
这项研究探讨了为什么女性表现出更高的心理困扰和情感和焦虑障碍的比率，而男性报告更多的问题与酒精和酒精相关的疾病。使用两波面板数据从5,001名受访者的国家共病调查，验证性因素分析和结构方程模型被用来比较压力过程的困扰，酒精滥用，并满足诊断标准的情感，焦虑，酒精相关的障碍，根据获得资源和暴露于压力源。情绪社会化，自我凸显和性别角色的理论被用来解释心理健康结果的决定因素的性别差异。结果表明，性别角色理论最适合心理困扰和情感和焦虑障碍的模型，而情绪社会化和自我凸显理论最适合酒精摄入和酒精相关疾病的模型。这些结果的影响和未来的研究方向在心理健康的性别差异进行了讨论。
This study examines why women exhibit higher rates of psychological distress and affective and anxiety disorders whereas men report more problems with alcohol and alcohol-related disorders. Using two waves of panel data from 5,001 respondents to the National Co-morbidity Survey, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are utilized to compare the stress process of distress, alcohol misuse, and meeting the diagnostic criteria for affective, anxiety, and alcohol-related disorders according to access to resources and exposure to stressors. Theories of emotional socialization, self-salience, and gender roles are applied to interpret gender differences in the determinants of mental health outcomes. The results reveal that gender role theory fits best for models of psychological distress and affective and anxiety disorders, whereas emotional socialization and self-salience theories fit best for models of alcohol intake and alcohol-related disorders. The implications of these results and directions for future research on gender differences in mental health are discussed.