Failure to breathe persists without air hunger or alarm following amygdala seizures.

Failure to breathe persists without air hunger or alarm following amygdala seizures.
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杏仁核癫痫发作后持续呼吸失败,没有空气饥饿或警报。

DOI:
10.1172/jci.insight.172423
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发表时间:
2023-11-22
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Dlouhy, Brian J.
Dlouhy, Brian J.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harmata, Gail I. S.;Rhone, Ariane E.;Kovach, Christopher K.;Kumar, Sukhbinder;Mowla, Md Rakibul;Sainju, Rup K.;Nagahama, Yasunori;Oya, Hiroyuki;Gehlbach, Brian K.;Ciliberto, Michael A.;Mueller, Rashmi N.;Kawasaki, Hiroto;Pattinson, Kyle T. S.;Simonyan, Kristina;Davenport, Paul W.;Howard III, Matthew A.;Steinschneider, Mitchell;Chan, Aubrey C.;Richerson, George B.;Wemmie, John A.;Dlouhy, Brian J.

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发作后呼吸暂停被认为是癫痫猝死(SUDEP)的主要原因。然而,发作后呼吸暂停的机制尚不清楚。为了了解发作后呼吸暂停的原因,我们采用多模式方法研究了20例接受颅内脑电图检查的难治性癫痫患者(从儿童到成人)的呼吸控制脑机制。我们的研究结果表明杏仁核癫痫发作可引起发作后呼吸暂停。此外,我们确定了杏仁核内的一个独特的区域,在那里电刺激足以重现持续超过刺激结束的长时间呼吸丧失。持续性呼吸暂停对CO2水平升高有抵抗力,并且没有发生空气饥饿,这表明CO2化学敏感性受损。使用es-fMRI,一种潜在的新方法结合电刺激与功能性MRI,我们发现,杏仁核刺激改变血氧水平依赖(BOLD)的活动在脑桥/延髓和腹侧丘脑。总之,这些研究结果表明,癫痫发作活动在杏仁核的局灶性亚区是足够的,以抑制呼吸和空气饥饿的时间在发作后的时期,很可能通过脑干和神经元参与化学感觉和内感受。他们进一步提供了对SUDEP的见解,可能有助于识别那些风险最大的人,并可能导致预防SUDEP的治疗。
Postictal apnea is thought to be a major cause of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). However, the mechanisms underlying postictal apnea are unknown. To understand causes of postictal apnea, we used a multimodal approach to study brain mechanisms of breathing control in 20 patients (ranging from pediatric to adult) undergoing intracranial electroencephalography for intractable epilepsy. Our results indicate that amygdala seizures can cause postictal apnea. Moreover, we identified a distinct region within the amygdala where electrical stimulation was sufficient to reproduce prolonged breathing loss persisting well beyond the end of stimulation. The persistent apnea was resistant to rising CO2 levels, and air hunger failed to occur, suggesting impaired CO2 chemosensitivity. Using es-fMRI, a potentially novel approach combining electrical stimulation with functional MRI, we found that amygdala stimulation altered blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) activity in the pons/medulla and ventral insula. Together, these findings suggest that seizure activity in a focal subregion of the amygdala is sufficient to suppress breathing and air hunger for prolonged periods of time in the postictal period, likely via brainstem and insula sites involved in chemosensation and interoception. They further provide insights into SUDEP, may help identify those at greatest risk, and may lead to treatments to prevent SUDEP.
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