A Unified Model for Tidal Disruption Events
A Unified Model for Tidal Disruption Events
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DOI：
10.3847/2041-8213/aab429
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发表时间：
2018-03
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Dai;L. Dai;J. McKinney;Nathaniel Roth;E. Ramirez-Ruiz;E. Ramirez-Ruiz;M. Miller
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Dai;L. Dai;J. McKinney;Nathaniel Roth;E. Ramirez-Ruiz;E. Ramirez-Ruiz;M. Miller
在过去的几年里，广域光学和紫外线瞬变探测和X射线望远镜使我们能够识别出几十个候选的潮汐破坏事件(TDEs)。虽然理论上TDEs中的物理过程无处不在，但人们已经观察到了几种不同类型的TDEs。一些热释光探测器主要以近紫外光/光学的形式辐射，而另一些则产生突出的X射线。此外，只在少数TDEs中观察到了相对论喷流。这种多样性可能与与TDE盘相关的超爱丁顿吸积和发射物理的细节有关。在这封信中，我们利用新的三维广义相对论辐射磁流体动力学模拟来研究TDEs中预期的超爱丁顿致密盘相。与以前的研究一致，产生了几何厚度的圆盘、广角光学厚度的快速外流和相对论喷流。外流密度和速度敏感地依赖于倾角，因此内盘产生的排放的后处理也是如此。然后，我们用蒙特卡罗辐射转移计算了再处理的光谱，发现观测到的光学和X射线通量之比随着倾角的增加而增加。这自然导致了不同类别的TDE的统一模型，其中TDE的光谱特性主要取决于观察者相对于盘的取向的视角。
In the past few years wide-field optical and UV transient surveys and X-ray telescopes have allowed us to identify a few dozen candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs). While in theory the physical processes in TDEs are ubiquitous, a few distinct classes of TDEs have been observed. Some TDEs radiate mainly in NUV/optical, while others produce prominent X-rays. Moreover, relativistic jets have been observed in only a handful of TDEs. This diversity might be related to the details of the super-Eddington accretion and emission physics relevant to TDE disks. In this Letter, we utilize novel three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations to study the super-Eddington compact disk phase expected in TDEs. Consistent with previous studies, geometrically thick disks, wide-angle optically thick fast outflows, and relativistic jets are produced. The outflow density and velocity depend sensitively on the inclination angle, and hence so does the reprocessing of emission produced from the inner disk. We then use Monte Carlo radiative transfer to calculate the reprocessed spectra and find that that the observed ratio of optical to X-ray fluxes increases with increasing inclination angle. This naturally leads to a unified model for different classes of TDEs in which the spectral properties of the TDE depend mainly on the viewing angle of the observer with respect to the orientation of the disk.