Significance of Potentials in Quantum Theory
Significance of Potentials in Quantum Theory
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量子理论中势的意义
DOI：
10.1103/physrev.118.623
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发表时间：
1960
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Ramsey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. H. Furry;N. Ramsey
从干涉实验的量子力学描述的一致性出发，讨论了Aharonov和Bohm最近指出的量子力学中的标量势和矢量势的影响。这种一致性的一个众所周知的要求是，如果引入任何测量设备，可以用来确定粒子走的是哪条路径，它必须具有消除干扰现象的效果。讨论了两个概念性实验，与Aharonov和Bohm指出的两个阶段效应相对应。在每种情况下，都发现当情况是不应该观察到图案时，相位效应的大小正好是破坏干涉图案所需的大小。
The effects of the scalar and vector potentials in quantum mechanics, which were pointed out recently by Aharonov and Bohm, are discussed from the point of view of the consistency of the quantum-mechanical description of interference experiments. A well-known requirement for this consistency is that if any measuring device is introduced that can be used to determine which path the particle has taken, it must have the effect of eliminating the interference phenomenon. Two conceptual experiments are discussed, corresponding to the two phase effects noted by Aharonov and Bohm. In each case it is found that the phase effect is of just the magnitude required to destroy the interference pattern when the circumstances are such that no pattern should be observed.