Assessment of a new prototype hydrogel CO( 2 ) sensor; comparison with air tonometry.
Assessment of a new prototype hydrogel CO( 2 ) sensor; comparison with air tonometry.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10877-006-9060-x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kolkman, Jeroen J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ter Steege, Rinze W F;Herber, Sebastiaan;Kolkman, Jeroen J
目的：胃肠道缺血常伴有腔内二氧化碳分压升高。目前，用于测量腔内CO(2)的方法是空气眼压计。为了改善响应时间，开发了一种新的传感器，可以连续测量CO(2)。它由一种对pH敏感的水凝胶组成，通过压力传感器测量，该水凝胶对鲁米诺CO(2)的反应会膨胀和收缩。我们在体外和体内研究中对该传感器的潜在临床价值进行了评估。方法：在5到15 kPa范围内测定PCO(2)对即刻和逐步变化的响应时间，以及在两个PCO(2)水平下在25到40℃之间的温度灵敏度。三种传感器在健康志愿者中采用逐步递增运动试验，然后进行一段时间的过度换气和人工二氧化碳峰值。结果：体外对二氧化碳增减的反应时间分别为5.9min和6.6min。方法的偏差为+5%，精密度为3%，重复性为2%。当PCO(2)恒定时，温度每升高1摄氏度，传感器信号就会降低8%。活体试验：运动试验期间与Tonocap的关系较差。传感器在过度换气和二氧化碳峰值时的响应时间为3min。结论：水凝胶二氧化碳传感器可以在受控环境下快速、准确地测量二氧化碳分压，但具有很强的温度依赖性。目前的原型水凝胶传感器仍然太不稳定，不适合临床使用，因此需要改进。
OBJECTIVE: Gastrointestinal ischemia is always accompanied by an increased luminal CO(2). Currently, air tonometry is used to measure luminal CO(2). To improve the response time a new sensor was developed, enabling continuous CO(2) measurement. It consists of a pH-sensitive hydrogel which swells and shrinks in response to luminal CO(2), which is measured by the pressure sensor. We evaluated the potential clinical value of the sensor during an in vitro and in vivo study.METHODS: The response time to immediate, and stepwise change in pCO(2) was determined between 5 and 15 kPa, as well as temperature sensitivity between 25 and 40 degrees C at two pCO(2) levels. Three sensors were compared to air tonometry (Tonocap) in healthy volunteers using a stepwise incremental exercise test, followed by a period of hyperventilation and an artificial CO(2)-peak.RESULTS: The in vitro response time to CO(2) increase and decrease was mean 5.9 and 6.6 min. The bias, precision and reproducibility were +5%, 3% and 2%, resp. Increase of 1 degrees C at constant pCO(2) decreased sensor signal by 8%. In vivo tests: The relation with the Tonocap was poor during the exercise test. The response time of the sensor was 3 min during hyperventilation and the CO(2) peak.CONCLUSION: The hydrogel carbon dioxide sensor enabled fast and accurate pCO(2) measurement in a controlled environment but is very temperature dependent. The current prototype hydrogel sensor is still too unstable for clinical use, and should therefore be improved.