Relationship Between Malocclusion and Deleterious Oral Habits in Preschool Children in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Relationship Between Malocclusion and Deleterious Oral Habits in Preschool Children in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
复制标题
巴西大坎皮纳市学龄前儿童咬合不正与有害口腔习惯的关系
DOI：
10.2298/sgs0803154c
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Flávia Ana Granville
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leite Cavalcanti;M. Bezerra;Cristiano Moura;Medeiros Priscilla Bezerra;Flávia Ana Granville
目的：评估巴西PB市大坎皮纳学龄前儿童错牙合畸形的患病率，并验证错牙合畸形与有害口腔习惯、性别和年龄之间是否存在关联。研究方法：342名儿童（3-5岁; 196名男孩和146名女孩），完整的乳牙列，以前没有正畸治疗，随机选择定期参加市日托中心的儿童。以下错牙合的发生进行了评估：加重覆盖和覆牙合，前开牙合和后反牙合。在用纱布干燥牙齿和软组织后，由一名经过校准的经验丰富的检查员（Kappa = 0.86）在自然光照下进行所有临床检查。Yates卡方检验和Fisher精确检验验证了变量和比值比之间的关联。显著性水平设定为5%。结果：74%的儿童有错牙合畸形，73.4%的儿童有不良口腔习惯。错牙合畸形的患病率男生为68.9%，女生为80.9%。强调覆盖（45%）和前牙开（42.4%）是最常见的错？性别之间存在统计学显著差异（P = 0.008）。然而，在各年龄组之间没有发现统计学显著差异（P = 0.47）。强调覆盖，前牙开牙合和后牙反牙合与有害的口腔习惯的存在呈正相关。结论：在这一儿童人群中观察到的咬合不正和有害口腔习惯的高患病率支持了这样一个事实，即治疗这些年龄组患者的口腔卫生专业人员应该意识到早期和准确诊断的重要性，以避免将来咬合改变的加重。
Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of malocclusions in preschool children in the city of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, and verify the existence of associations between malocclusions and deleterious oral habits, gender and age. Methods: 342 children (3-5-year-old; 196 boys and 146 girls) with complete primary dentition and no previous orthodontic treatment were randomly selected from children regularly attending municipal day care centers. The occurrence of the following malocclusions was evaluated: accentuated overjet and overbite, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite. A calibrated experienced examiner (Kappa = 0.86) performed all clinical examinations under natural lightening after drying the teeth and soft tissue with gauze. Yates' chi-square and Fisher's exact tests verified the association between the variables and odds ratio. Significance level was set at 5%. Results: Malocclusions and deleterious oral habits were observed in 74% and 73.4% of the children, respectively. The prevalence of malocclusion was 68.9% in boys and 80.9% in girls. Accentuated overjet (45%) and anterior open bite (42.4%) were the most prevalent malocclusions. There was statistically significant difference (P = .008) between genders. However, no statistically significant differences (P = .47) were found among the age groups. Accentuated overjet, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite showed a positive association with the presence of deleterious oral habits. Conclusions: The high prevalence of malocclusions and deleterious oral habits observed in this pediatric population is supportive to the fact that oral health professionals that treat patients in these age groups should be aware of the importance of an early and accurate diagnosis in order to avoid the aggravation of occlusal alterations in the future.